Mphahlele Lebogang L R, Sekoai Patrick T, Gbadeyan Oluwatoyin Joseph, Ramdas Veshara, Ramchuran Santosh, Chunilall Viren, Mkhize Malusi
Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban 4041, South Africa.
Discipline of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2024 Nov 28;14(23):1916. doi: 10.3390/nano14231916.
This study investigated the optimization of setpoint conditions used for the enhanced biofabrication of silver nanoparticles (H.C-AgNPs) using extracts. A Box-Behnken Design (BBD) model was used to evaluate the effects of reaction time, temperature, an extraction volume, and a 0.1 M AgNO solution volume. A second-order polynomial regression equation was developed with a high R² of 0.9629, indicating that the model explained 96.29% of the variability in the data. The statistical significance of the model was confirmed with an F-value of 25.92 and a -value of less than 0.0001. The optimal biofabrication conditions were determined to be a reaction time of 60 min, a temperature of 50 °C, an extract volume of 10 mL, and a silver nitrate volume of 90 mL, achieving a peak absorbance of 3.007 a.u. The optimized conditions were experimentally validated, resulting in an absorbance of 3.386 a.u., reflecting a 12.6% increase. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a distinct surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 433 nm. XRD analysis confirmed a crystalline face-centered cubic (FCC) structure with a primary diffraction peak at 2θ = 38.44° (111 plane). SEM and EDS results confirmed a uniform size and high purity, while FTIR spectra confirmed the involvement of phytochemicals in nanoparticle stabilization. TEM analysis revealed a uniform particle size distribution with a mean size of 19.46 nm and a dispersity of 0.16%, respectively. These results demonstrate the importance of statistical tools in optimizing the setpoint conditions used in the biofabrication of AgNPs, which have applications in various fields.
本研究调查了使用提取物增强生物制造银纳米颗粒（H.C-AgNPs）时设定点条件的优化。采用Box-Behnken设计（BBD）模型来评估反应时间、温度、提取物体积和0.1 M硝酸银溶液体积的影响。建立了二阶多项式回归方程，其R²高达0.9629，表明该模型解释了数据中96.29%的变异性。模型的统计显著性通过F值25.92和p值小于0.0001得到证实。确定最佳生物制造条件为反应时间60分钟、温度50°C、提取物体积10 mL和硝酸银体积90 mL，实现峰值吸光度为3.007 a.u.。对优化条件进行了实验验证，吸光度为3.386 a.u.，增长了12.6%。紫外可见光谱显示在433 nm处有一个明显的表面等离子体共振（SPR）峰。XRD分析证实为面心立方（FCC）晶体结构，主衍射峰在2θ = 38.44°（111平面）。SEM和EDS结果证实了尺寸均匀且纯度高，而FTIR光谱证实了植物化学物质参与纳米颗粒的稳定化。TEM分析显示粒径分布均匀，平均粒径分别为19.46 nm，分散度为0.16%。这些结果证明了统计工具在优化用于AgNPs生物制造的设定点条件方面的重要性，AgNPs在各个领域都有应用。
