Dagdag Omar, Kim Hansang
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Nov 28;16(23):3343. doi: 10.3390/polym16233343.
The increasing use of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier has underscored the necessity for advanced materials that can provide safe storage under extreme conditions. Carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy (CFRP) composites are increasingly utilized in various high-performance applications, including automotive, aerospace, and particularly hydrogen storage tanks, due to their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, durability, excellent corrosion resistance, and low thermal conductivity. However, the inherent flammability of epoxy matrices poses significant safety concerns, particularly in hydrogen storage, where safety is paramount. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in enhancing the fire safety of CFRP. The focus is on innovative strategies such as developing novel flame-retardant (FR) additives, intumescent coatings, and nanomaterial reinforcements. It analyzes the effectiveness of these strategies in improving the fire performance of CFRP composites, including their flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and heat release rate reduction. The review paper also explores the application of fire modeling tools to predict the fire behavior of CFRP composite hydrogen storage tanks under various fire scenarios. Additionally, the review discusses the implications of these advancements on the performance and safety of hydrogen storage tanks, highlighting both the progress made and the challenges that remain.
氢气作为清洁能源载体的使用日益增加，这凸显了对能够在极端条件下提供安全存储的先进材料的需求。碳纤维增强环氧树脂（CFRP）复合材料因其出色的强度重量比、耐久性、优异的耐腐蚀性和低导热性，越来越多地应用于各种高性能领域，包括汽车、航空航天，尤其是储氢罐。然而，环氧树脂基体固有的易燃性带来了重大安全隐患，特别是在储氢领域，安全至关重要。本文综述全面概述了提高CFRP消防安全方面的最新进展。重点是创新策略，如开发新型阻燃（FR）添加剂、膨胀型涂层和纳米材料增强剂。分析了这些策略在改善CFRP复合材料火灾性能方面的有效性，包括其阻燃性、抑烟性和降低热释放率。综述还探讨了火灾建模工具在预测CFRP复合储氢罐在各种火灾场景下火灾行为方面的应用。此外，综述讨论了这些进展对储氢罐性能和安全的影响，突出了已取得的进展和仍存在的挑战。
