Spirito Francesca, Nocini Riccardo, Mori Giorgio, Albanese Massimo, Georgakopoulou Eleni A, Sivaramakrishnan Gowri, Khalil Basel, Špiljak Bruno, Surya Varun, Mishra Deepika, Chaurasia Akhilanand
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 3;25(23):12990. doi: 10.3390/ijms252312990.
Head and neck cancer (HNC) represents a challenging oncological entity with significant morbidity and mortality rates. Despite advances in conventional therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, the overall survival rates for advanced HNC remain suboptimal. In recent years, the emerging field of oncolytic virotherapy has gained attention as a promising therapeutic approach for various malignancies, including HNC. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of oncolytic viruses (Ovs) in the context of HNC treatment, including their mechanisms of action, preclinical and clinical studies, challenges, and future directions. Future oncolytic virotherapy focuses on improving delivery and specificity through nanoparticle carriers and genetic modifications to enhance tumor targeting and immune response. Combining different OVs and integrating them with immunotherapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors, could overcome tumor resistance and improve outcomes. Personalized approaches and rigorous clinical trials are key to ensuring the safety and effectiveness of virotherapy in treating HNC.
头颈癌（HNC）是一个具有挑战性的肿瘤实体，其发病率和死亡率都很高。尽管传统疗法（包括手术、化疗和放疗）取得了进展，但晚期头颈癌的总体生存率仍然不尽人意。近年来，溶瘤病毒疗法这一新兴领域作为包括头颈癌在内的各种恶性肿瘤的一种有前景的治疗方法而受到关注。本综述全面概述了目前对头颈癌治疗中溶瘤病毒（OVs）的理解，包括它们的作用机制、临床前和临床研究、挑战以及未来方向。未来的溶瘤病毒疗法致力于通过纳米颗粒载体和基因改造来改善递送和特异性，以增强肿瘤靶向性和免疫反应。将不同的溶瘤病毒与免疫疗法（如检查点抑制剂）相结合，可以克服肿瘤耐药性并改善治疗效果。个性化方法和严格的临床试验是确保病毒疗法治疗头颈癌安全性和有效性的关键。
