Wang Xianglin, Yuan Shaoqing, Sun Wei, Hao Wenfeng, Zhang Xufeng, Yang Zhongjia
Sichuan Basalt Fiber New Material Research Institute, Guang'an 638500, China.
College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;17(23):5723. doi: 10.3390/ma17235723.
With the growth in road transport volume and increasingly stringent environmental regulations, the use of lightweight dump trucks not only reduces fuel consumption but also enhances transport efficiency, aligning with the principles of green development. It has now become a key focus in the field of heavy-duty vehicle research. The carriage is located at the rear of the dump truck, connected to the chassis, and serves as the box for carrying cargo, making its strength and durability crucial. As one of the important components of heavy-duty vehicles, the carriage accounts for 15% to 25% of the total vehicle weight, and its weight reduction efficiency is significantly higher than that of other vehicle systems. This paper presents a prefabricated carriage structure based on basalt fiber composite panels combined with a metal frame, achieving the lightweight design of the carriage while meeting the stringent requirements for high load-bearing capacity and strength in heavy-duty vehicles, and significantly improving assembly and production efficiency. Given the complex working environment and diverse loading demands of heavy vehicles, this study incorporates real operating conditions of dump trucks, utilizing theoretical calculations and design analyses to construct finite element models for various scenarios, followed by detailed numerical simulations in ABAQUS (2023). Additionally, a bending-shear test of the side panel was designed and conducted to validate the accuracy of the finite element model, with comparative analysis performed between simulation results and experimental data, effectively assessing the safety and reliability of this lightweight composite carriage structure. The results indicate that the designed carriage not only meets the strength, stiffness, and impact resistance requirements of current heavy-duty carriages but also significantly reduces the carriage weight. This research provides scientific reference and engineering value for the application of composite materials in the lightweight design and structural optimization of dump trucks.
随着公路运输量的增长以及环境法规日益严格，使用轻型自卸卡车不仅能降低油耗，还能提高运输效率，符合绿色发展原则。如今，它已成为重型车辆研究领域的一个关键重点。车厢位于自卸卡车后部，与底盘相连，是用于载货的箱体，其强度和耐用性至关重要。作为重型车辆的重要部件之一，车厢占整车重量的15%至25%，其减重效率明显高于其他车辆系统。本文提出了一种基于玄武岩纤维复合板与金属框架相结合的预制车厢结构，在满足重型车辆高承载能力和强度的严格要求的同时，实现了车厢的轻量化设计，并显著提高了装配和生产效率。鉴于重型车辆工作环境复杂且装载需求多样，本研究纳入了自卸卡车的实际运行工况，利用理论计算和设计分析构建各种场景的有限元模型，随后在ABAQUS（2023）中进行详细的数值模拟。此外，设计并进行了侧板的弯剪试验以验证有限元模型的准确性，对模拟结果和实验数据进行了对比分析，有效评估了这种轻型复合车厢结构的安全性和可靠性。结果表明，所设计的车厢不仅满足当前重型车厢的强度、刚度和抗冲击要求，还显著减轻了车厢重量。本研究为复合材料在自卸卡车轻量化设计和结构优化中的应用提供了科学参考和工程价值。
