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月球风化层中纳米铁的形成机制：综述

The Formation Mechanisms of np-Fe in Lunar Regolith: A Review.

作者信息

Xiong Mingchao, Wu Yanxue, Yao Wenqing, Chen Zilei, Yu Yingying, Li Xia, Yan Pan, Li Xiongyao, Zeng Xiaojia

机构信息

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.

Analysis and Test Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2024 Nov 29;17(23):5866. doi: 10.3390/ma17235866.

DOI:10.3390/ma17235866
PMID:39685303
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11642534/
Abstract

Nanophase iron (np-Fe) is widely distributed on the surface of lunar soil particles, forming as a result of space weathering. These np-Fe particles contribute to the reddening and darkening of the visible to near-infrared spectra of weathered lunar material and serve as critical indicators for assessing the maturity of lunar soil. (1) This article reviews the proposed formation mechanisms of np-Fe particles from studies of Apollo and Luna soils, including the thermal reduction of iron melts, vapor deposition caused by micrometeorite impacts, and hydrogen reduction due to solar wind exposure. (2) Additionally, recent findings from the analysis of Chang'E-5 lunar soil are highlighted, revealing new mechanisms such as sub-solidus decomposition of olivine, impact-driven disproportionation, and FeO eutectic reactions. (3) Experimental studies simulating space weathering through laser and ion irradiation are also discussed and compared. Despite extensive research, a definitive understanding of np-Fe particle formation remains elusive. Previous lunar soil samples have been collected from the near side of the Moon. This year, the Chang'E-6 mission has successfully returned the first-ever lunar soil samples from the far side. These samples are expected to exhibit unique space weathering characteristics, providing new insights into the formation mechanisms of np-Fe in lunar soil.

摘要

纳米相铁（np-Fe）广泛分布于月球土壤颗粒表面，是空间风化的产物。这些np-Fe颗粒导致了风化月球物质从可见光到近红外光谱的变红和变暗，并作为评估月球土壤成熟度的关键指标。（1）本文回顾了根据对阿波罗和月球号任务带回的月球土壤研究提出的np-Fe颗粒形成机制，包括铁熔体的热还原、微陨石撞击引起的气相沉积以及太阳风暴露导致的氢还原。（2）此外，还重点介绍了对嫦娥五号月球土壤分析的最新发现，揭示了诸如橄榄石的亚固相线分解、撞击驱动的歧化反应和FeO共晶反应等新机制。（3）还讨论并比较了通过激光和离子辐照模拟空间风化的实验研究。尽管进行了广泛研究，但对np-Fe颗粒形成的确切理解仍然难以捉摸。之前的月球土壤样本是从月球近侧采集的。今年，嫦娥六号任务成功从月球远侧带回了首批月球土壤样本。这些样本预计将展现出独特的空间风化特征，为月球土壤中np-Fe的形成机制提供新的见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/21bd6ffd03e5/materials-17-05866-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/4c512bd22a59/materials-17-05866-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/bdadd3ef8736/materials-17-05866-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/320130491fbc/materials-17-05866-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/28f9cd374609/materials-17-05866-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/bc6ad3eba3ae/materials-17-05866-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/28d512c8d5fe/materials-17-05866-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/21bd6ffd03e5/materials-17-05866-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/4c512bd22a59/materials-17-05866-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/bdadd3ef8736/materials-17-05866-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/320130491fbc/materials-17-05866-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/28f9cd374609/materials-17-05866-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/bc6ad3eba3ae/materials-17-05866-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/28d512c8d5fe/materials-17-05866-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f760/11642534/21bd6ffd03e5/materials-17-05866-g007.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Lunar farside volcanism 2.8 billion years ago from Chang'e-6 basalts.28亿年前来自嫦娥六号玄武岩的月球背面火山活动。
Nature. 2024 Nov 15. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-08382-0.
2
A sample of the Moon's far side retrieved by Chang'e-6 contains 2.83-billion-year-old basalt.嫦娥六号采集的月球背面样本中含有28.3亿年前的玄武岩。
Science. 2024 Dec 20;386(6728):1395-1399. doi: 10.1126/science.adt1093. Epub 2024 Nov 15.
3
Microphase iron particle growth promoted by solar wind implantation in lunar soils.太阳风注入促进月球土壤中微相铁颗粒生长。
PNAS Nexus. 2024 Oct 8;3(10):pgae450. doi: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae450. eCollection 2024 Oct.
4
Nature of the lunar far-side samples returned by the Chang'E-6 mission.嫦娥六号任务带回的月球背面样本的性质。
Natl Sci Rev. 2024 Sep 16;11(11):nwae328. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwae328. eCollection 2024 Nov.
5
Melting and Rapid Solidification of Lunar Regolith Particles Returned by Chang'E-5 Mission.嫦娥五号任务带回的月壤颗粒的熔化与快速凝固
Research (Wash D C). 2024 Sep 23;7:0486. doi: 10.34133/research.0486. eCollection 2024.
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Submicroscopic magnetite may be ubiquitous in the lunar regolith of the high-Ti region.亚微观磁铁矿可能普遍存在于高钛地区的月球风化层中。
Sci Adv. 2024 Sep 20;10(38):eadn2301. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adn2301.
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