Reiner Željko, Jelaković Bojan, Miličić Davor, Bubaš Marija, Balint Ines, Bašić Jukić Nikolina, Bralić Lang Valerija, Beroš Vili, Brkić Biloš Ivana, Canecki Varžić Silvija, Capak Krunoslav, Kralj Verica, Ljubas Ana, Malojčić Branko, Peršić Viktor, Portolan Pajić Ivana, Rahelić Dario, Ružić Alen, Sokol Tomislav, Soldo Ana, Pećin Ivan
Division of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Division of Nephrology, Arterial Hypertension, Dialysis and Transplantation, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
J Clin Med. 2024 Nov 21;13(23):7028. doi: 10.3390/jcm13237028.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including in Croatia. Since most patients have multiple disorders and diseases caused largely by the same risk factors, and as it is essential to approach each patient as a person with all disorders, today, we are talking about a new paradigm-cardio-renal-metabolic (CKM) syndrome and cardio-renal-metabolic health, which necessarily includes brain health. Elevated systolic blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, smoking, obesity, diabetes, impaired renal function or chronic kidney disease, which all stem from insufficient physical activity, an unhealthy diet with excessive intake of table salt, and air pollution, are the leading causes of overall morbidity and mortality from CKM diseases, especially mortality from CVD. Experts from various fields key to CKM health have written this document with the aim of integrating it as part of the national plan for the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases with a focus on CVD, which should become mandatory and be based on the existing guidelines of professional societies.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球发病和死亡的主要原因，在克罗地亚亦是如此。由于大多数患者患有多种疾病，且这些疾病很大程度上由相同的风险因素引起，并且鉴于将每位患者视为患有所有疾病的个体至关重要，如今，我们正在探讨一种新的范式——心肾代谢（CKM）综合征和心肾代谢健康，其中必然包括脑健康。收缩压升高、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、吸烟、肥胖、糖尿病、肾功能受损或慢性肾病，所有这些都源于体力活动不足、摄入过量食盐的不健康饮食以及空气污染，它们是CKM疾病总体发病和死亡的主要原因，尤其是心血管疾病导致的死亡。来自CKM健康各个关键领域的专家撰写了本文件，旨在将其纳入以心血管疾病为重点的国家慢性非传染性疾病预防计划，该计划应成为强制性的，并以专业协会的现有指南为基础。
