Enhanced recovery after surgery pathway reduces back pain, hospitalization costs, length of stay, and satisfaction rate of lumbar tubular microdiscectomy: A retrospective cohort study.

Tubular microdiscectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures for lumbar disc herniation (LDH). This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway for microdiscectomy in improving perioperative clinical outcomes in patients with LDH. This study retrospectively analyzed the prospectively collected perioperative outcomes of patients in pre-ERAS (January 2020 to December 2021) and post-ERAS (January 2022 to September 2023) groups. Length of stay was the primary outcome measure, while secondary outcome measures included operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), postoperative first ambulation time, postoperative drainage volume, drainage tube removal time, complication rate, hospitalization cost, perioperative visual analog scale (VAS) scores for leg pain and low back pain (LBP), readmission rate within 30 days, and patient satisfaction rate. No significant differences in baseline parameters, including sex, age, body mass index, preoperative VAS scores for leg pain and LBP, and comorbidities, were observed between the groups. Additionally, operative time, complication rates, and 30-day readmission rates did not differ significantly between the groups. However, the post-ERAS group exhibited significantly lower length of stay compared to the pre-ERAS group (5.1 ± 1.2 vs 6.2 ± 1.6, P < .001). Additionally, the estimated blood loss (P < .001), drainage tube removal time (P < .001), postoperative drainage volume (P = .002), postoperative first ambulation time (P < .001), and hospitalization costs (P = .032) in the post-ERAS group were significantly lower in the pre-ERAS group. Furthermore, the LBP VAS score was significantly lower on the first day (P = .001) and third days (P = .002) postoperatively in the post-ERAS group, whereas the patient satisfaction rate on the first day (P = .036) postoperatively was significantly higher in the pre-ERAS group. Compared with the conventional pathway, the ERAS pathway in tubular microdiscectomy is associated with better perioperative clinical outcomes in patients with LDH.