2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖和能量底物对豚鼠精子获能及顶体反应的影响。

Hyne R V, Edwards K P

J Reprod Fertil. 1985 Jan;73(1):59-69. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0730059.

When guinea-pig spermatozoa were suspended in a minimal culture medium (MCM-PL), 2-deoxy-D-glucose (100 microM) and 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose (100 microM) were potent inhibitors of the acrosome reaction without affecting the sperm motility, whereas the N-acetyl derivative 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2 mM) had no inhibitory effect. The addition of D-glucose (2 mM) partly inhibited the percentage acrosome reaction of spermatozoa suspended in Medium MCM-PL, but DL-alpha-glycerophosphate (2 mM) and myo-inositol (2 mM) had no effect. In addition, DL-alpha-glycerophosphate (2 mM) did not overcome the inhibitory effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on the sperm acrosome reaction. The inhibitory action of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (100 microM) on the sperm acrosome reaction assessed after a 3-h incubation was irreversible and was only completely effective if the sugar was added within 30 min of the start of incubation. When spermatozoa suspended in Medium MCM-PL were treated with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (100-200 microM) for an extended incubation up to 6 h, the inhibitory effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose was partly overcome. Spermatozoa treated with 2-deoxy-D-glucose had significantly reduced concentrations of ATP after incubation for 2 h in Ca2+-free media, compared with the ATP concentrations of spermatozoa preincubated for 2 h in Ca2+-free media that supported acrosome reactions. The addition of Ca2+ (5 mM) caused a rapid decrease in ATP concentrations of spermatozoa suspended in Medium MCM-PL, while the addition of the monovalent ionophore monensin (50 microM) and Ca2+ stimulated sperm acrosome reactions as well as an additional decline in the sperm ATP concentrations. However, monensin (50 microM) in the absence of Ca2+ caused only a slight decline in the sperm ATP concentrations over the 15-min incubation period. The depletion of the sperm ATP concentrations by 2-deoxy-D-glucose may retard completion of the capacitation process and the resultant acrosome reaction.

当豚鼠精子悬浮于基础培养基（MCM - PL）中时，2 - 脱氧 - D - 葡萄糖（100微摩尔）和2 - 氨基 - 2 - 脱氧 - D - 葡萄糖（100微摩尔）是顶体反应的强效抑制剂，且不影响精子活力，而N - 乙酰衍生物2 - 乙酰氨基 - 2 - 脱氧 - D - 葡萄糖（2毫摩尔）则无抑制作用。添加D - 葡萄糖（2毫摩尔）可部分抑制悬浮于MCM - PL培养基中的精子顶体反应百分比，但DL - α - 甘油磷酸（2毫摩尔）和肌醇（2毫摩尔）则无作用。此外，DL - α - 甘油磷酸（2毫摩尔）不能克服2 - 脱氧 - D - 葡萄糖对精子顶体反应的抑制作用。2 - 脱氧 - D - 葡萄糖（100微摩尔）在孵育3小时后对精子顶体反应的抑制作用是不可逆的，且只有在孵育开始后30分钟内添加该糖才完全有效。当悬浮于MCM - PL培养基中的精子用2 - 脱氧 - D - 葡萄糖（100 - 200微摩尔）处理进行长达6小时的延长孵育时，2 - 脱氧 - D - 葡萄糖的抑制作用部分被克服。与在支持顶体反应的无钙培养基中预孵育2小时的精子的ATP浓度相比，在无钙培养基中用2 - 脱氧 - D - 葡萄糖处理2小时后的精子ATP浓度显著降低。添加钙离子（5毫摩尔）会使悬浮于MCM - PL培养基中的精子的ATP浓度迅速下降，而添加单价离子载体莫能菌素（50微摩尔）和钙离子会刺激精子顶体反应，同时使精子ATP浓度进一步下降。然而，在无钙情况下，莫能菌素（50微摩尔）在15分钟的孵育期内只会使精子ATP浓度略有下降。2 - 脱氧 - D - 葡萄糖导致的精子ATP浓度消耗可能会延迟获能过程的完成以及由此产生的顶体反应。