Du Jia, Zhan Lichuan, Zhang Gengmiao, Zhou Qingwei, Wu Weihong
College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China.
Shengzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Shengzhou, China.
Drug Chem Toxicol. 2025 Mar;48(2):266-280. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2433075. Epub 2024 Dec 16.
Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics are prevalent contaminants in terrestrial environment. MPs possess the ability to absorb antibiotics, resulting in the formation of complex pollutants. While the accumulation and fate of MPs and antibiotics in marine ecosystems have been extensively studied, their combined pollution behavior in terrestrial environments remains relatively underexplored. This paper describes the sources, migration, and compound pollution of MPs and antibiotics in soil. It reviews the mechanisms of compound toxicity associated with antibiotics and MPs, combining different biological classifications. Moreover, we highlight the factors that influence the effects of MPs as vectors and the critical elements driving the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). These information suggests the potential mitigation measures for MPs contamination from different perspectives to reduce the impact of ARGs-carrying MPs on human health, specifically through transmission via plants, microbes, or terrestrial vertebrates. Finally, we identify gaps in scientific knowledge regarding the interaction between MPs and antibiotics in soil environments, including the need for standardized research methods, multi-dimensional studies on complex ecological effects, and more comprehensive risk assessments of other pollutants on human health. In summary, this paper provides foundational information for assessing their combined toxicity, offers insights into the distribution of these emerging pollutants in soil, and contributes to a better understanding of the environmental impact of these contaminants.
微塑料（MPs）和抗生素是陆地环境中普遍存在的污染物。微塑料具有吸附抗生素的能力，从而导致复合污染物的形成。虽然微塑料和抗生素在海洋生态系统中的积累和归宿已得到广泛研究，但它们在陆地环境中的复合污染行为仍相对缺乏探索。本文描述了土壤中微塑料和抗生素的来源、迁移及复合污染情况。结合不同的生物分类，综述了与抗生素和微塑料相关的复合毒性机制。此外，我们强调了影响微塑料作为载体作用的因素以及驱动抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）传播的关键因素。这些信息从不同角度提出了微塑料污染的潜在缓解措施，以减少携带ARGs的微塑料对人类健康的影响，特别是通过植物、微生物或陆地脊椎动物传播的途径。最后，我们指出了土壤环境中微塑料与抗生素相互作用方面科学知识的空白，包括对标准化研究方法的需求、对复杂生态效应的多维度研究以及对其他污染物对人类健康更全面的风险评估。总之，本文为评估它们的复合毒性提供了基础信息，深入了解了这些新兴污染物在土壤中的分布情况，并有助于更好地理解这些污染物对环境的影响。
