Yusuf Korede K, Olorunsaiye Comfort Z, Gadanya Muktar A, Ouedraogo Samira, Abdullahi Aisha A, Salihu Hamisu M
College of Nursing and Public Health, Adelphi University, New York, United States.
College of Health Sciences, Arcadia University, United States.
Vaccine X. 2024 Nov 23;21:100591. doi: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100591. eCollection 2024 Dec.
The recent introduction of the HPV vaccine into Nigeria's routine immunization schedule has brought parental vaccine hesitancy to the forefront. This cross-sectional study, conducted in Kano State, a region with historically low immunization rates, is crucial in assessing the level of parental hesitancy and uncovering its determinants, potentially informing future public health policies.
The participants were a representative sample of parents or caregivers of children aged 9-14 years ( = 1071) in Kano State and were selected via a multi-stage sampling method. We administered structured questionnaires anchored in the Socio-ecological Model and the Precaution Adoption Process Model. We utilized validated measures to assess intent to vaccinate against HPV and potential key indicators of intent to vaccinate adolescent boys and girls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of parental HPV vaccine hesitancy.
If the HPV vaccine were free or subsidized, about one-third [32.7 %] of parents would choose not to vaccinate their children against the virus. Only 4.2 % had ever heard of HPV, and a mere 5.1 % had heard of the cervical cancer vaccine or HPV vaccine. Compared to those who were aware of the virus, those who had never heard of HPV had higher adjusted odds of vaccine hesitancy [OR: 2.86, 95 %CI: 1.28-6.40]. Some of the top reasons for parental hesitancy were their concerns about the safety of the vaccine and the lack of doctors' recommendations.
The study revealed that parental hesitancy is a significant barrier to HPV uptake in Kano State. There is an urgent need for a multi-faceted HPV knowledge enhancement approach focusing on elevating parental awareness about the HPV vaccine and, particularly, its relationship to cervical cancer prevention.
最近人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗被纳入尼日利亚的常规免疫计划，这使得家长对疫苗的犹豫态度成为焦点。这项横断面研究在免疫率历来较低的卡诺州进行，对于评估家长的犹豫程度并找出其决定因素至关重要，可能会为未来的公共卫生政策提供参考。
参与者是卡诺州9至14岁儿童的家长或照顾者的代表性样本（n = 1071），通过多阶段抽样方法选取。我们发放了基于社会生态模型和预防采纳过程模型的结构化问卷。我们使用经过验证的测量方法来评估接种HPV疫苗的意愿以及青少年男孩和女孩接种意愿的潜在关键指标。进行多变量逻辑回归分析以确定家长对HPV疫苗犹豫的预测因素。
如果HPV疫苗免费或有补贴，约三分之一（32.7%）的家长会选择不给孩子接种该病毒疫苗。只有4.2%的人听说过人乳头瘤病毒，仅有5.1%的人听说过宫颈癌疫苗或HPV疫苗。与了解该病毒的人相比，从未听说过人乳头瘤病毒的人疫苗犹豫的调整后几率更高[比值比：2.86，95%置信区间：1.28 - 6.40]。家长犹豫的一些主要原因是他们对疫苗安全性的担忧以及缺乏医生的推荐。
该研究表明，家长的犹豫是卡诺州HPV疫苗接种的一个重大障碍。迫切需要一种多方面的HPV知识增强方法，重点是提高家长对HPV疫苗的认识，特别是其与预防宫颈癌的关系。
