Chen Sijia, Wei Wei, Wang Ziang, Zhu Jiazhen, Zhang Hailong, Wang Guihu, Guo Ni, Li Jun, Mu Yanhua, Zhang Naming, Li Zongfang
National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Bioelectromagnetics. 2025 Jan;46(1):e22532. doi: 10.1002/bem.22532.
Our study focused on investigating the bioeffects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on the immune function of the spleen. We designed an electromagnetic instrument that can locally target on spleen, the spleens of mice were locally exposed to the ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 30 mT) for 14 days (4 h/day). Parallelly, the isolated splenic T cells were exposed to ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 15 mT) for 2 h. After the exposure, the splenocyte showed a reduced apoptosis rate. Among the splenocytes, the CD4 T cells and natural killer cells accumulated, the percentage of B cells decreased. In vitro study demonstrated that ELF-EMF induced the alteration of T cell subsets, showing an increased percentage of CD4 T cells and a decreased percentage of CD8 T cells. Within CD4 T cells, the population of T helper (Th) 17 cells increased, and the population of regulatory T cells (Treg) cells decreased. The enrichment of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway in the splenic T cells was found to be reduced after exposure to ELF-EMF. Our findings suggest that ELF-EMF regulated the immune function of the spleen by changing the proportion of immune cells in the spleen. Specifically, the differentiation of spleen T cells was induced by ELF-EMF toward Th17 cells and inhibited by ELF-EMF into Treg cells. The NF-κB signaling pathway probably accounts for the effects of ELF-EMF on the spleen T cells.
我们的研究聚焦于调查极低频电磁场（ELF-EMFs）对脾脏免疫功能的生物效应。我们设计了一种能够局部靶向脾脏的电磁仪器，将小鼠的脾脏局部暴露于ELF-EMF（50赫兹，30毫特斯拉）下14天（每天4小时）。同时，将分离出的脾脏T细胞暴露于ELF-EMF（50赫兹，15毫特斯拉）下2小时。暴露后，脾细胞的凋亡率降低。在脾细胞中，CD4 T细胞和自然杀伤细胞积聚，B细胞百分比下降。体外研究表明，ELF-EMF诱导了T细胞亚群的改变，表现为CD4 T细胞百分比增加，CD8 T细胞百分比下降。在CD4 T细胞内，辅助性T（Th）17细胞群体增加，调节性T（Treg）细胞群体减少。发现暴露于ELF-EMF后，脾脏T细胞中核因子（NF）-κB通路的富集减少。我们的研究结果表明，ELF-EMF通过改变脾脏中免疫细胞的比例来调节脾脏的免疫功能。具体而言，ELF-EMF诱导脾脏T细胞向Th17细胞分化，并抑制其向Treg细胞分化。NF-κB信号通路可能是ELF-EMF对脾脏T细胞产生影响的原因。
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