Silva Anahi Souza, de Sousa Ana Lívia Vasconcelos, Diniz Nanci Sousa Nilo Bahia, de Macêdo Isabel Luana, da Costa Júnior Jair Duarte, Martins Christine Souza, de Melo Cristiano Barros, de Castro Márcio Botelho
Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Forensics, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine (FAV), University of Brasília (UnB), Asa Norte, Federal District, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Animal Sciences, University of Brasília (UnB), ICC Sul, Asa Norte, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil.
JFMS Open Rep. 2024 Dec 16;10(2):20551169241293956. doi: 10.1177/20551169241293956. eCollection 2024 Jul-Dec.
This case report describes the clinical and pathological features of telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS) with brain invasion in a 4-year-old female domestic shorthair cat. The cat presented with respiratory distress, epistaxis, anorexia and significant nasal obstruction. A rhinoscopy revealed an amorphous white neoformation in the left nasal cavity. Despite treatment, the cat's condition deteriorated and it succumbed to the disease. Necropsy and histopathologic examination revealed an infiltrative malignant neoplasm with osteoid matrix and sarcomatous cells surrounding blood-filled non-vascular spaces. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for bone cell markers and vimentin, while endothelial markers were negative, confirming TOS.
Nasal diseases in cats present significant diagnostic challenges due to similar clinical signs, such as respiratory distress and nasal discharge. Nasal osteosarcomas are rare, and TOS is the rarest subtype, characterized by blood-filled spaces within an aggressive osteolytic lesion. This case highlights the diagnostic complexities and poor prognosis associated with TOS in cats, emphasizing the need for advanced imaging and immunohistochemical tests for accurate diagnosis. Given the aggressive nature and rapid progression of TOS, it should be considered in differential diagnoses of feline nasal obstructive lesions.
本病例报告描述了一只4岁雌性家养短毛猫患有伴有脑侵犯的毛细血管扩张性骨肉瘤（TOS）的临床和病理特征。该猫出现呼吸窘迫、鼻出血、厌食和严重鼻塞。鼻镜检查发现左鼻腔有一个无定形白色新生物。尽管进行了治疗，猫的病情仍恶化并最终死于该病。尸检和组织病理学检查显示为浸润性恶性肿瘤，伴有骨样基质和肉瘤细胞围绕充满血液的非血管间隙。免疫组织化学显示骨细胞标志物和波形蛋白呈阳性染色，而内皮标志物呈阴性，确诊为TOS。
由于呼吸窘迫和鼻分泌物等相似的临床症状，猫的鼻部疾病存在重大诊断挑战。鼻骨肉瘤罕见，而TOS是最罕见的亚型，其特征是在侵袭性溶骨性病变内有充满血液的间隙。本病例突出了猫TOS相关的诊断复杂性和不良预后，强调需要先进的影像学和免疫组织化学检测以进行准确诊断。鉴于TOS的侵袭性本质和快速进展，在猫鼻阻塞性病变的鉴别诊断中应考虑到它。
