Öztürk Elif, Aslan Çin Nazlı Nur, Cansu Ali, Akyol Aslı
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Diseases, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Metab Brain Dis. 2024 Dec 18;40(1):67. doi: 10.1007/s11011-024-01506-5.
The ketogenic diet (KD) originated in the 1920s. It is a dietary model that is low in carbohydrates, adequate in protein, and high in fat content. The diet mimics starvation and increases the production of ketone bodies, leading to ketosis in metabolism. KD is used as an anticonvulsant treatment approach in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. In addition, it is thought that a KD may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of neurological disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Numerous recent studies have demonstrated that a KD can improve behavioural parameters in individuals with ASD. This review aims to address the potential mechanisms of action of the KD and to examine the effects of the KD on individuals diagnosed with ASD. It is likely that this role is mediated through improvements in energy metabolism, reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, control of neurotransmitters, gene expression and modulation of the gut microbiota. Based on the available evidence, a KD appears to be a safe and effective treatment for ASD.
生酮饮食（KD）起源于20世纪20年代。它是一种碳水化合物含量低、蛋白质含量适中、脂肪含量高的饮食模式。这种饮食模拟饥饿状态，增加酮体的产生，导致代谢性酮症。KD被用作耐药性癫痫患者的抗惊厥治疗方法。此外，人们认为KD在治疗包括自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）在内的神经系统疾病方面可能具有治疗潜力。最近的大量研究表明，KD可以改善ASD患者的行为参数。这篇综述旨在探讨KD的潜在作用机制，并研究KD对被诊断为ASD的个体的影响。这种作用可能是通过改善能量代谢、降低促炎细胞因子水平、控制神经递质、基因表达以及调节肠道微生物群来介导的。基于现有证据，KD似乎是一种治疗ASD的安全有效的方法。
