Edossa Zerihun Kura, Erchafo Lubago Belay, Baye Minale Fekadie, Alemu Rediet Kidane, Tesema Abebe Abera, Abamecha Fira, Siraneh Yibeltal, Tamiru Dessalegn, Bayou Negalign Berhanu, Debelew Gurmesa Tura
Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Faculty, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 18;19(12):e0311925. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311925. eCollection 2024.
The loss of vaccination cards is a momentous public health challenge in the prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases in most developing countries. There is a paucity of studies on the magnitude of vaccination card losses and associated factors in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess the level of vaccination card loss and associated factors in Ethiopia.
Data were extracted from the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey, a nationally representative household survey of women aged 15-49 years with children aged 0-35 months. Data from a total of 3208 mother-child pairs was extracted for the study. A multilevel logistic regression model with random effect analysis techniques was used to identify individual and regional-level determinants of vaccination card loss. We checked the model's fitness by using Akaike Information Criteria and Bayesian Information Criteria. Odds ratios with a 95% Confidence intervals were used to declare statistical significance.
A total of 3208 mother-child pairs from nine regions and two city administrations were included in the analysis. The result revealed that 1933 (60.26%) mother-child pairs did not have vaccination cards during home visits. illiterate mother 2.239 (95% CI: 1.297, 3.864), lowest wealth index category 2.089 (95% CI: 1.432, 3.048), ANC non-user 2.047 (95% CI: 1.605, 2.609), children living with their caretaker 6.749 (95% CI: 1.425, 13.654), having no access to television 1.384 (95% CI: 1.150, 1.664), longer birth interval 1.325 (95% CI: 1.027,1.710), giving birth at home and private health facilities 1.985 (95% CI: 1.579, 2.497), 1.696 (1.086, 2.648), contraceptive non-users 1.295 (95% CI: (1.042,1.609) and children aged 12-23 months and 24-35 months 1.577 (95% CI: 1.252, 1.985) and 2.282 (1.803, 2.889) were associated with vaccination card loss.
Overall vaccination card loss among mothers of 0-35-month-old children is considerably high. To enhance maternal awareness regarding the significance of vaccination cards, promote antenatal care and public health facility delivery, and future researchers have to explore how to enhance vaccination card retention in Ethiopia.
在大多数发展中国家，预防疫苗可预防疾病时，疫苗接种卡丢失是一项重大的公共卫生挑战。埃塞俄比亚关于疫苗接种卡丢失规模及相关因素的研究较少。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚疫苗接种卡丢失水平及相关因素。
数据取自2019年埃塞俄比亚微型人口与健康调查，这是一项针对15至49岁有0至35个月大孩子的女性的全国代表性家庭调查。本研究共提取了3208对母婴的数据。采用具有随机效应分析技术的多水平逻辑回归模型来确定疫苗接种卡丢失的个体和地区层面决定因素。我们使用赤池信息准则和贝叶斯信息准则来检验模型的拟合优度。采用95%置信区间的比值比来判定统计学显著性。
分析纳入了来自九个地区和两个市辖区的3208对母婴。结果显示，家访期间有1933对（60.26%）母婴没有疫苗接种卡。文盲母亲2.239（95%置信区间：1.297，3.864）、财富指数最低类别2.089（95%置信区间：1.432，3.048）、未进行产前检查者2.047（95%置信区间：1.605，2.609）、与照料者生活在一起的儿童6.749（95%置信区间：1.425，13.65）、无法收看电视1.384（95%置信区间：1.150，1.664）、生育间隔较长1.325（95%置信区间：1.027，1.710）、在家中和私立卫生机构分娩1.985（95%置信区间：1.579，2.497）、1.696（1.086，2.648）、未使用避孕药具者1.295（95%置信区间：(1.042,1.609)以及12至23个月和24至35个月大的儿童1.577（95%置信区间：1.252，1.985）和2.282（1.803，2.889）与疫苗接种卡丢失有关。
0至35个月大儿童母亲的疫苗接种卡总体丢失率相当高。为提高母亲对疫苗接种卡重要性的认识，促进产前护理和在公共卫生机构分娩，未来研究人员必须探索如何提高埃塞俄比亚疫苗接种卡的留存率。
