Du Shuai, Xu Lijun, Jiang Chao, Xiao Yanzi
Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Beijing, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Feb;289:138864. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138864. Epub 2024 Dec 16.
Ensiling technology shows promise for preserving and providing high-quality forage. However, the high polymeric content and compact properties of fiber result in low biodigestibility. This study aimed to evaluate the use of ensiling technology for storing wheat straw. It also analyzed changes in fermentation-related products, chemical components, bacterial communities, and metabolite profiles of wheat straw ensiled with or without cellulase or Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum).
The results showed that inoculation with L. plantarum, either alone or with cellulase, produced abundant organic acids, degraded fiber, suppressed most microbes, and increased certain metabolites in wheat straw silage. Wheat straw inoculated with L. plantarum, either alone or with cellulase, exhibited significantly lower neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents compared to the control treatment. Additionally, higher lactic acid and acetic acid contents were observed in these treatments. The microbiome analysis revealed that Lactobacillus was dominant, while Kosakonia was suppressed. Metabolic analysis showed a significant increase in amino acids, peptides, analogues, and organic acid derivatives.
Overall, wheat straw inoculated with L. plantarum, either alone or with cellulase, produced well-preserved silage, providing new insights into recycling and utilizing wheat straw through bacterial-enzyme synergy.
青贮技术在保存和提供优质草料方面显示出前景。然而，纤维的高聚合物含量和紧密特性导致生物消化率低。本研究旨在评估青贮技术用于储存小麦秸秆的情况。它还分析了添加或不添加纤维素酶或植物乳杆菌（L. plantarum）青贮的小麦秸秆在发酵相关产物、化学成分、细菌群落和代谢物谱方面的变化。
结果表明，单独接种植物乳杆菌或与纤维素酶一起接种，会产生丰富的有机酸，降解纤维，抑制大多数微生物，并增加小麦秸秆青贮中的某些代谢物。单独接种植物乳杆菌或与纤维素酶一起接种的小麦秸秆，与对照处理相比，中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量显著降低。此外，在这些处理中观察到较高的乳酸和乙酸含量。微生物群落分析表明，乳酸杆菌占主导，而科萨科尼亚菌被抑制。代谢分析显示氨基酸、肽、类似物和有机酸衍生物显著增加。
总体而言，单独接种植物乳杆菌或与纤维素酶一起接种的小麦秸秆产生了保存良好的青贮饲料，为通过细菌 - 酶协同作用回收利用小麦秸秆提供了新的见解。
