Zhou Wen, Lyu Shi-Bo, Li Hui, Li Shu-Xian, Yao Wen-Huan, Shan Shu-Lin, Tang Hui, Zhang Jing, Sun Chang-Hua, Wen Cheng-Li, Yang Fei, Guo Jie, Xu Long-Jin, Yan Yan, Yan Zhi-Qiang, He Qi-Long, Cheng Dong
Division of Toxicology, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China; Shandong Provincial Key Medical And Health Discipline of Sanitary Analysis (Shandong Center For Disease Control And Prevention), Jinan, 250014, China.
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Jan 31;340:119242. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.119242. Epub 2024 Dec 16.
Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge (X. sorbifolia), an oil crop native to northern China, is valued for both its edible and medicinal uses. It has various applications, including the production of edible and bioactive oils, and is used in traditional medicine for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the toxicity of X. sorbifolia, particularly its widely used seed kernels, remains unclear.
This study aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity and safety risks of X. sorbifolia seed kernels based on human-recommended doses by in vitro or in vivo experiments, and integrating network analysis.
In this study, rats and mice were employed as model organisms to investigate the acute toxicity of X. sorbifolia seed kernels. The experiments included the Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation test, red blood cell micronucleus test, spermatocyte chromosome aberration test in mice, and a 90-day exposure study in rats to assess the potential toxicity and safety risks of the seed kernels. Based on this, combined with The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), the biological functions of the main active ingredients of X. sorbifolia were further explored through integrated network analysis, and the anti-inflammatory effect of X. sorbifolia was explored through cotton ball granuloma inflammation experiment.
During the experimental period, animals in all treatment groups demonstrated normal growth and development. Although some detection indicators showed significant differences in different treatment groups, the results were still within a reasonable range. In addition, by screening the CTD, 120 target genes with potential interactions of the main active ingredients in the kernel of X. sorbifolia were obtained for analysis, and it was found that these genes were involved in important biological processes such as response to oxidative stress, response to reactive oxygen species, and regulation of inflammatory response. The cotton ball granuloma inflammation experiment in rats also suggested that X. sorbifolia tended to inhibit the proliferation of granulomas, indicating that the kernel of X. sorbifolia has potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
The findings suggested that X. sorbifolia seed kernels were safe within the recommended dosage range. As a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, it has certain anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study provides valuable reference guidelines for the clinical application of X. sorbifolia seed kernels and encourages further research into its potential uses and safety.
文冠果是一种原产于中国北方的油料作物，其食用和药用价值都很高。它有多种用途，包括生产食用和生物活性油，并且因其抗氧化和抗炎特性而被用于传统医学。然而，文冠果的毒性，尤其是其广泛使用的种子内核的毒性，仍不明确。
本研究旨在通过体外或体内实验，并结合网络分析，基于人类推荐剂量评估文冠果种子内核的急性毒性和安全风险。
在本研究中，大鼠和小鼠被用作模式生物来研究文冠果种子内核的急性毒性。实验包括鼠伤寒沙门氏菌回复突变试验、红细胞微核试验、小鼠精母细胞染色体畸变试验，以及大鼠的90天暴露研究，以评估种子内核的潜在毒性和安全风险。在此基础上，结合比较毒理基因组学数据库（CTD），通过综合网络分析进一步探索文冠果主要活性成分的生物学功能，并通过棉球肉芽肿炎症实验探索文冠果的抗炎作用。
在实验期间，所有治疗组的动物生长发育正常。虽然一些检测指标在不同治疗组中显示出显著差异，但结果仍在合理范围内。此外，通过筛选CTD，获得了120个与文冠果种子内核主要活性成分具有潜在相互作用的靶基因进行分析，发现这些基因参与了氧化应激反应、活性氧反应和炎症反应调节等重要生物学过程。大鼠棉球肉芽肿炎症实验也表明文冠果倾向于抑制肉芽肿的增殖，表明文冠果种子内核具有潜在的抗炎和抗氧化特性。
研究结果表明，在推荐剂量范围内，文冠果种子内核是安全的。作为一种中药方剂，它具有一定的抗炎和抗氧化作用。本研究为文冠果种子内核的临床应用提供了有价值的参考指南，并鼓励对其潜在用途和安全性进行进一步研究。
