Mensberg Pernille, Frandsen Clarissa, Carl Christian S, Espersen Emilie, Leineweber Thomas, Larsen Emil L, Storgaard Heidi, Schlawitz Kirstine, Petersen Torben H D, Poulsen Jytte N, Sørensen Frederik, Gørtz Peter M, Forman Julie L, Kiens Bente, Knop Filip K, Vilsbøll Tina
Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark.
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
Eur J Endocrinol. 2025 Mar 27;192(4):456-465. doi: 10.1093/ejendo/lvaf004.
To examine the separate and combined effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and walking compared with no training on insulin sensitivity and skeletal metabolic capacity in individuals with prediabetes.
Individuals were randomized to: (1) control (no exercise), (2) HIIT (3 × 20 s's cycle sprint 3 times weekly), (3) HIIT + walking (walking >10 000 steps/day), or (4) walking for 12 weeks.
Insulin sensitivity was assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test at baseline and end-of-trial. Additionally, proteins important for mitochondria capacity and insulin sensitivity were measured in the vastus lateralis muscle.
Seventy sedentary individuals with prediabetes (women n = 36; age: 60.8 ± 11.3 years (mean ± SD); body mass index: 31.6 ± 4.4 kg/m2; fasting plasma glucose: 6.6 ± 0.8 mmol/L; glycated hemoglobin A1c 5.7 ± 0.4% (39.0 ± 4.3 mmol/mol) were included. Compared with control, peripheral insulin sensitivity (measured by the Cederholm index) was significantly improved with HIIT (estimated treatment difference [ETD]: 18.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.4; 28.3%] and HIIT + walking [ETD: 15.7% (95% CI: 4.4; 25.6%)]), but not with walking alone (ETD: 9.4% [95% CI: -2.5; 19.9%]). Whole-body insulin sensitivity (measured by the Matsuda index) was significantly increased with HIIT + walking (ETD: 28.0% [95% CI: 10.3; 42.3%]) and walking alone (ETD: 42.3% [95% CI: 28.3; 53.5%]), but not with HIIT alone (ETD: 17.0% [95% CI: -4.0; 33.7%]). Protein expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial capacity in skeletal muscle and glucose uptake were most improved with HIIT + walking, and no significant effects were observed with walking alone.
Twelve weeks of low-volume HIIT training can improve glucose control and induces adaptations in skeletal muscle important for metabolic health in individuals with prediabetes.
研究小运动量高强度间歇训练（HIIT）和步行分别及联合应用与不运动相比，对糖尿病前期个体胰岛素敏感性和骨骼肌代谢能力的影响。
将个体随机分为：（1）对照组（不运动），（2）HIIT组（每周3次，每次3组，每组20秒的自行车冲刺），（3）HIIT + 步行组（每天步行超过10000步），或（4）步行组，为期12周。
在基线和试验结束时通过口服葡萄糖耐量试验评估胰岛素敏感性。此外，测量股外侧肌中对线粒体功能和胰岛素敏感性重要的蛋白质。
纳入70名久坐不动的糖尿病前期个体（女性n = 36；年龄：60.8±11.3岁（均值±标准差）；体重指数：31.6±4.4kg/m2；空腹血糖：6.6±0.8mmol/L；糖化血红蛋白A1c 5.7±0.4%（39.0±4.3mmol/mol））。与对照组相比，HIIT组（估计治疗差异[ETD]：18.5%[95%置信区间（CI）：7.4；28.3%]）和HIIT + 步行组（ETD：15.7%（95%CI：4.4；25.6%））外周胰岛素敏感性（通过Cederholm指数测量）显著改善，而单纯步行组（ETD：9.4%[95%CI：-2.5；19.9%]）无显著改善。HIIT + 步行组（ETD：28.0%[95%CI：10.3；42.3%]）和单纯步行组（ETD：42.3%[95%CI：28.3；53.5%]）全身胰岛素敏感性（通过Matsuda指数测量）显著增加，而单纯HIIT组（ETD：17.0%[95%CI：-4.0；33.7%]）无显著增加。HIIT + 步行组骨骼肌中线粒体功能和葡萄糖摄取相关蛋白质的表达改善最为明显，单纯步行组未观察到显著影响。
为期12周的小运动量HIIT训练可改善糖尿病前期个体的血糖控制，并诱导骨骼肌发生对代谢健康重要的适应性变化。
