Research progress in tracing technology for extracellular vesicles.

Cells have the capability to discharge extracellular vesicles (EVs) into a range of bodily fluids. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) encapsulate biological molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, playing a role in facilitating cell-cell communication. They actively engage in a myriad of physiological and pathological processes. tracing of EVs in organisms significantly contributes to elucidating the biological mechanisms of EV-based therapy. The development of molecular imaging technology makes it possible to trace EVs . Experiments frequently employ a range of molecular imaging techniques, encompassing bioluminescence imaging, fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, single photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, photoacoustic imaging, and multimodal imaging. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In this review, typical applications of tracing of EVs are reviewed.