Robertson Mark, Qian Jin, Qiang Zhe
School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States.
ACS Appl Polym Mater. 2024 Mar 30;6(23):14169-14189. doi: 10.1021/acsapm.3c03199. eCollection 2024 Dec 13.
Anthropogenic activities have resulted in enormous increases in atmospheric CO concentrations particularly since the onset of the Industrial Revolution, which have potential links with increased global temperatures, rising sea levels, increased prevalence, and severity of natural disasters, among other consequences. To enable a carbon-neutral and sustainable society, various technologies have been developed for CO capture from industrial process streams as well as directly from air. Here, direct air capture (DAC) represents an essential need for reducing CO concentration in the atmosphere to mitigate the negative consequences of greenhouse effects, involving systems that can reversibly adsorb and release CO, in which polymers have played an integral role. This work provides insights into the development of polymer sorbents for DAC of CO, specifically from the perspective of material design principles. We discuss how physical properties and chemical identities of amine-containing polymers can impact their ability to uptake CO, as well as be efficiently regenerated. Additionally, polymers which use ionic interactions to react with CO molecules, such as poly(ionic liquids), are also common DAC sorbent materials. Finally, a perspective is provided on the future research and technology opportunities of developing polymer-derived sorbents for DAC.
特别是自工业革命开始以来，人为活动已导致大气中二氧化碳（CO）浓度大幅增加，这与全球气温上升、海平面上升、自然灾害的发生率和严重程度增加等潜在联系以及其他后果有关。为了实现碳中和和可持续发展的社会，人们已经开发了各种技术来从工业流程气流以及直接从空气中捕获二氧化碳。在这里，直接空气捕获（DAC）对于降低大气中的二氧化碳浓度以减轻温室效应的负面影响至关重要，这涉及到能够可逆地吸附和释放二氧化碳的系统，其中聚合物发挥了不可或缺的作用。这项工作从材料设计原理的角度深入探讨了用于二氧化碳直接空气捕获的聚合物吸附剂的发展。我们讨论了含胺聚合物的物理性质和化学特性如何影响它们吸收二氧化碳的能力以及能否高效再生。此外，利用离子相互作用与二氧化碳分子反应的聚合物，如聚离子液体，也是常见的直接空气捕获吸附剂材料。最后，对开发用于直接空气捕获的聚合物衍生吸附剂的未来研究和技术机会提供了展望。
