Chipu Mpho G, Downing Charlené
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Free State, Idalia Loots Building, South Africa.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Int J Nurs Sci. 2024 Oct 16;11(5):595-603. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2024.10.008. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Effective facilitation is crucial to improve critical care outcomes in life-threatening conditions through improved teamwork, caring, decision-making, and problem-solving. The meaning of facilitation remains unprecise in a critical care context despite its frequent usage in nursing education and clinical practice. This study aimed to report a thorough concept analysis to clarify the meaning of facilitation in the critical care context by formulating attributes, antecedents, and consequences and providing model cases related to facilitation.
This analysis was performed by searching online sources published from 1999 to 2023. EBSCOhost, CINAHL, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched using online search engines. The analysis also included the manual search of books, thesaurus and dictionaries that showed relevance to facilitation. Walker and Avant's eight-step approach was applied to explore and analyze the meaning of facilitation in critical care units.
A total of 68 articles were included in the analysis of this study. Eleven attributes, six antecedents, and seven consequences related to facilitation were formulated. The attributes included dynamic, interactive processes, creating a positive environment, mobilizing resources, assistance, student-centered, shared goals, collaboration, engagement, participation, and feedback. Antecedents were facilitator qualities, motivation, a positive learning environment, student-facilitator relationship, time availability, and specified learning outcomes. The consequences of facilitation were identified as follows: change, professional development, competency, quality development, increased job satisfaction, staff retention, and self-confidence.
The findings from the analysis indicated that effective facilitation results in nurses and critical care staff developing competency, caring, critical thinking, and independence. Therefore, clinical outcomes in critical care environments are improved through teamwork, decision-making, and problem-solving in life-threatening situations.
有效的促进对于通过改善团队合作、关怀、决策和解决问题来提高危及生命状况下的重症护理结果至关重要。尽管促进在护理教育和临床实践中经常使用，但其在重症护理背景下的含义仍不明确。本研究旨在通过阐述促进的属性、前提条件和后果，并提供与促进相关的典型案例，进行全面的概念分析，以阐明促进在重症护理背景下的含义。
通过搜索1999年至2023年发表的在线资源进行此分析。使用在线搜索引擎搜索EBSCOhost、CINAHL、PubMed和谷歌学术数据库。该分析还包括对与促进相关的书籍、同义词词典和字典的手工搜索。采用沃克和阿万特的八步法来探索和分析重症监护病房中促进的含义。
本研究分析共纳入68篇文章。制定了与促进相关的11个属性、6个前提条件和7个后果。这些属性包括动态的、互动的过程、营造积极的环境、调动资源、协助、以学生为中心、共享目标、协作、参与、参与和反馈。前提条件是促进者的素质、动机、积极的学习环境、学生与促进者的关系、时间可用性和明确的学习成果。促进的后果如下：变革、专业发展、能力、质量提升、工作满意度提高、员工留任和自信心增强。
分析结果表明，有效的促进使护士和重症护理人员具备能力、关怀、批判性思维和独立性。因此，通过在危及生命的情况下进行团队合作、决策和解决问题，改善了重症护理环境中的临床结果。
