Nunes Maria Eduarda Bezerra, Dos Santos Caio Henrique Barros, Lima Márcia de Oliveira, Pedrosa Anny Kariny Pereira, de Menezes Risia Cristina Egito, Longo-Silva Giovana
Research Group Chronobiology, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
Sleep Sci. 2024 Dec 17;17(4):e381-e391. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1800807. eCollection 2024 Dec.
To examine the association of evening eating clock time, its elapsed time to the midpoint of sleep (TEM), consumption of caffeine and sugary foods, and reporting dinner as the largest meal with sleep quality indicators and insomnia. Participants ( = 2,050;18-65y) were part of population-based research, with virtual data collection. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess differences in the ORs(95%CI) of sleep duration < 7 hours, sleep latency > 30 minutes, poor sleep quality, and insomnia (outcomes) with the evening diet-related variables. Linear regression analyses evaluated differences in sleep duration and latency associated with the same variables. Restricted cubic splines were used to study the shape of the association of eating event clock time and TEM with sleep duration and latency. Each additional hour of evening eating clock time and of the TEM, respectively increased and decreased, the odds of sleep duration < 7/h [OR(95%CI):1.30(1.20,1.40); OR(95%CI):0.51(0.47,0.56)], sleep latency > 30min [OR(95%CI):1.14(1.07,1.22); 0.88(0.83,0.94)], poor sleep quality [OR(95%CI):1.21(1.13,1.30); 0.80(0.76,0.85)] and insomnia [OR(95%CI):1.12(1.04,1.20); 0.89(0.84,0.95)]. We found a dose-response association between evening eating (clock time and TEM) and sleep duration. The shortest latency was seen when evening eating was ∼20:00 and ∼7-8 hours before the midpoint of sleep. Participants who reported dinner as the largest meal and consumed caffeine and sugary foods/beverages after 18:00 presented higher odds of sleep duration < 7 hours, poor quality, and insomnia. Our findings indicate that an early-eating schedule has beneficial sleep effects and that it will be necessary to consider evening eating patterns and timing, along with the existing sleep and circadian hygiene, to improve sleep quality and circadian health.
为研究晚餐进食时间、距睡眠中点的时长（TEM）、咖啡因和含糖食物的摄入量以及将晚餐视为最大餐与睡眠质量指标和失眠之间的关联。参与者（n = 2050；18 - 65岁）是基于人群的研究的一部分，采用虚拟数据收集方式。拟合逻辑回归模型以评估睡眠时长<7小时、入睡潜伏期>30分钟、睡眠质量差和失眠（结局）的优势比（ORs，95%置信区间）与晚餐相关变量之间的差异。线性回归分析评估相同变量与睡眠时长和潜伏期之间的差异。使用受限立方样条来研究进食事件时间和TEM与睡眠时长和潜伏期之间关联的形状。晚餐进食时间每增加1小时以及TEM每增加1小时，分别增加和降低睡眠时长<7小时的几率[OR(95%CI):1.30(1.20,1.40)；OR(95%CI):0.51(0.47,0.56)]、入睡潜伏期>30分钟的几率[OR(95%CI):1.14(1.07,1.22)；0.88(0.83,0.94)]、睡眠质量差的几率[OR(95%CI):1.21(1.13,1.30)；0.80(0.76,0.85)]和失眠的几率[OR(95%CI):1.12(1.04,1.20)；0.89(0.84,0.95)]。我们发现晚餐进食（时间和TEM）与睡眠时长之间存在剂量反应关系。当晚餐进食时间约为20:00且距睡眠中点约7 - 8小时时，入睡潜伏期最短。将晚餐视为最大餐且在18:00后摄入咖啡因和含糖食物/饮料的参与者出现睡眠时长<7小时、睡眠质量差和失眠的几率更高。我们的研究结果表明，早进食时间表对睡眠有有益影响，并且有必要考虑晚餐进食模式和时间，以及现有的睡眠和昼夜节律卫生习惯，以改善睡眠质量和昼夜节律健康。
