Chen Yujie, Sun Zhuo, Zhang Yali, Zhou Ren, Lin Xingyu, Du Yuewen, Xu Jiayi, Xu Qi, Zang Jiajie
School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 Dec 4;11:1424614. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1424614. eCollection 2024.
The role of individual nutrients including vitamins and minerals in cognitive function gained increasing attention in recent years. With regard to the association between dietary minerals and cognitive function, the results of human studies are inconclusive. The objective of this study was to explore the association between mineral intake and cognitive function using the data from Shanghai Health and Nutrition Survey (SHNS) in 2018.
In total, 835 adults were included in a crosssectional study, and completed a three-day dietary record to estimate their average daily intake of minerals. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used for the assessment of cognitive function, and logistic regression analyses were performed on participants to examine the association between dietary mineral intake and cognitive performance. The participants were divided into tertiles according to their mineral intake.
Participants in the second and third tertile of the dietary copper intake had lower rates of low MMSE scores compared to those in the lowest tertile. We found the adjusted OR and 95%CI values were 0.44 (0.21-0.89) and 0.40 (0.16-0.94), respectively. Participants in the second tertile of dietary magnesium intake showed a trend of lower rates of low MMSE score compared to those in the lowest tertile ( = 0.06). The adjusted OR and 95%CI values were 0.35 (0.16-0.72). No significant association were observed between any of the other minerals including iron, zinc, selenium and manganese and cognitive function.
Our findings suggest that dietary intake of copper and magnesium may have a protective effect on cognitive performance in elderly over 60 years old. To prevent cognitive decline, elderly should get recommended amounts of copper and magnesium from diet or supplements.
近年来，包括维生素和矿物质在内的个体营养素在认知功能中的作用受到越来越多的关注。关于膳食矿物质与认知功能之间的关联，人体研究结果尚无定论。本研究的目的是利用2018年上海健康与营养调查（SHNS）的数据，探讨矿物质摄入量与认知功能之间的关联。
共有835名成年人纳入一项横断面研究，他们完成了一份为期三天的饮食记录，以估计其矿物质的平均每日摄入量。采用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评估认知功能，并对参与者进行逻辑回归分析，以检验膳食矿物质摄入量与认知表现之间的关联。参与者根据其矿物质摄入量分为三分位数组。
与最低三分位数组相比，膳食铜摄入量处于第二和第三三分位数组的参与者低MMSE评分率较低。我们发现调整后的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）值分别为0.44（0.21 - 0.89）和0.40（0.16 - 0.94）。膳食镁摄入量处于第二三分位数组的参与者与最低三分位数组相比，低MMSE评分率有降低趋势（P = 0.06）。调整后的OR和95%CI值为0.35（0.16 - 0.72）。未观察到包括铁、锌、硒和锰在内的任何其他矿物质与认知功能之间存在显著关联。
我们的研究结果表明，膳食摄入铜和镁可能对60岁以上老年人的认知表现具有保护作用。为预防认知能力下降，老年人应从饮食或补充剂中获取推荐量的铜和镁。
