Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
VALORNUT Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2023 Oct 24;15(21):4505. doi: 10.3390/nu15214505.
Mineral intake may protect against cognitive impairment (CI) and all-cause dementia, which affects a large number of adults worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between mineral intake and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), which is a sensitive and specific test.
In total, 201 adults were included in a cross-sectional study. They completed a three-day dietary record to estimate their average daily intake of minerals. Contributions to dietary reference intakes (DRIs) were also calculated. The participants were divided into tertiles according to their mineral intake. CI classifications were determined via the MoCA (score < 26). Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping was carried out, and the patients' anthropometric measurements and physical activity, health and personal data were collected.
The prevalence of CI in this selective sample was 54.2% (34.3% females and 19.9% males). In women, being in the third tertiles of iron and manganese intake was associated with lower odds of having CI (OR [95% CI]: 0.32 [0.11 ± 0.93]; 0.33 [0.12 ± 0.93], < 0.05). No significant differences were observed for any of the nutrients studied in men.
These findings suggest that a low mineral intake, especially low iron and manganese intake in women, is associated with a worse cognition as assessed by MoCA.
矿物质摄入可能有助于预防认知障碍（CI）和全因痴呆，这两种疾病在全球范围内影响着大量成年人。本研究旨在调查矿物质摄入与蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）之间的关联，MoCA 是一种敏感且特异的测试。
共纳入 201 名成年人进行横断面研究。他们完成了为期三天的饮食记录，以估计他们平均每天的矿物质摄入量。还计算了对膳食参考摄入量（DRIs）的贡献。根据矿物质摄入量将参与者分为三分位组。通过 MoCA（得分<26）确定 CI 分类。进行载脂蛋白 E（APOE）基因分型，并收集患者的人体测量和身体活动、健康和个人数据。
在这个选择性样本中，CI 的患病率为 54.2%（女性 34.3%，男性 19.9%）。在女性中，铁和锰摄入量处于第三分位组与 CI 的发生几率较低相关（OR[95%CI]：0.32[0.11±0.93]；0.33[0.12±0.93]，<0.05）。在男性中，未观察到任何研究营养素存在显著差异。
这些发现表明，女性矿物质摄入，特别是铁和锰摄入不足，与 MoCA 评估的认知功能下降有关。
