Gullstrand Julie, Claidière Nicolas, Fagot Joël
Centre de Recherche en Psychologie et Neurosciences, CNRS UMR 7077, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
Station de Primatologie-Celphedia, CNRS UAR 846, Rousset, France.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 19;19(12):e0308778. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308778. eCollection 2024.
Cognitive flexibility is an executive function playing an important role in problem solving and the adaptation to contextual changes. While most studies investigated the contribution of cognitive flexibility to solve problems in the physical domain, the current study on baboons (Papio papio) investigated its contribution to sociality. The current study verified whether there is a relationship between cognitive flexibility at the individual level and the position of the individuals within their social group. Our study re-analysed for that purpose an already published dataset of 18 baboons Guinea baboons tested over two years in an adaptation of the Wisconsin Card Sorting task. The dominance rank and social network were inferred from their free access to the computer test system on which the cognitive task was presented. We found no clear-cut relationship between the hierarchical rank and cognitive flexibility (perseveration, learning latency and response time). By contrast, the most central baboons in their social network are those with the best performance in terms of cognitive flexibility. Overall, this study confirms our hypothesis that cognitive flexibility plays some roles in the regulation of the social relationship in baboons.
认知灵活性是一种执行功能，在解决问题和适应情境变化中发挥着重要作用。虽然大多数研究调查了认知灵活性在解决物理领域问题中的作用，但目前对狒狒（豚尾狒狒）的研究调查了其对社交能力的作用。当前研究验证了个体层面的认知灵活性与个体在其社会群体中的地位之间是否存在关联。为此，我们的研究重新分析了一个已发表的数据集，该数据集包含18只几内亚狒狒，它们在经过改编的威斯康星卡片分类任务中接受了为期两年的测试。优势等级和社会网络是通过它们对呈现认知任务的计算机测试系统的自由访问情况推断出来的。我们发现等级制度与认知灵活性（固执、学习潜伏期和反应时间）之间没有明确的关系。相比之下，在其社会网络中处于最核心位置的狒狒在认知灵活性方面表现最佳。总体而言，这项研究证实了我们的假设，即认知灵活性在狒狒社会关系的调节中发挥着一定作用。
