Koren G, Rajchgot P, Harding E, Perlman M, MacLeod S M
Am J Hosp Pharm. 1985 Jan;42(1):106-8.
Injection of aminoglycosides into a filter chamber was compared with retrograde injection into i.v. tubing for delivery of intermittent drug dosages at low infusion rates in neonates. In 50 infants receiving gentamicin sulfate and 21 receiving amikacin sulfate for at least two days by retrograde i.v. infusion, peak and trough concentrations of the drugs were obtained. A subsequent dose was administered using the filter device, and peak and trough concentrations were obtained. For each infant, the difference between trough and peak concentration (delta C) was compared for the two methods. In vitro testing for gentamicin concentration was performed using the same infusion systems (10 trials for each system). For both in vivo and in vitro testing, the infusion flow rate was 10 mL/hr. For infants receiving gentamicin, delta C was greater for the filter device in 32, greater for retrograde infusion in 13, and equal in 5. The mean gentamicin delta C was significantly greater for the filter chamber method than for retrograde infusion. The in vitro studies showed significantly better gentamicin recovery with the filter device than with retrograde infusion. For amikacin, delta C was greater for the filter device in 15 infants, but the mean amikacin delta C was not significantly different for the two methods. At low flow rates commonly used in infants, the infusion system using the filter device was equal to or superior to retrograde infusion for ensuring complete delivery of intermittent drug doses.
将氨基糖苷类药物注入过滤室与逆行注入静脉输液管进行比较，以在新生儿中以低输注速率间歇性给药。对50例接受硫酸庆大霉素和21例接受硫酸阿米卡星逆行静脉输注至少两天的婴儿，测定了药物的峰浓度和谷浓度。随后使用过滤装置给药，并测定峰浓度和谷浓度。对每个婴儿，比较两种方法的谷浓度和峰浓度之差（ΔC）。使用相同的输注系统对庆大霉素浓度进行体外测试（每个系统进行10次试验）。体内和体外测试的输注流速均为10 mL/小时。对于接受庆大霉素的婴儿，32例使用过滤装置时的ΔC更大，13例逆行输注时的ΔC更大，5例两者相等。过滤室法的平均庆大霉素ΔC显著大于逆行输注法。体外研究表明，过滤装置的庆大霉素回收率明显高于逆行输注法。对于阿米卡星，15例婴儿使用过滤装置时的ΔC更大，但两种方法的平均阿米卡星ΔC无显著差异。在婴儿常用的低流速下，使用过滤装置的输注系统在确保间歇性药物剂量完全输注方面与逆行输注相当或更优。
