危重症患者家庭成员的感知压力与健康素养对家庭满意度的关系：一项多中心探索性研究。
Relationship between perceived stress and health literacy on family satisfaction among family members of critically ill patients: A multicenter exploratory study.
作者信息
Padilla-Fortunatti Cristobal, Palmeiro-Silva Yasna, Ovalle-Meneses Victor, Abaitua-Pizarro Maria, Espinoza-Acuña Jessica, Bustamante-Troncoso Claudia, Rojas-Silva Noelia
机构信息
School of Nursing, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Avda. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, 7820436 Santiago, Chile.
Institute for Global Health, University College London 30 Guilford St, London WC1N 1DP, London, United Kingdom.
出版信息
Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2025 Apr;87:103895. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2024.103895. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
BACKGROUND
Intensive care unit (ICU) admission is often a stressful experience that can negatively influence family satisfaction (FS) with patient care, communication, and decision-making. Health literacy (HL) is associated with the patient's ability to obtain, process, and understand health-related information. Few studies have explored the influence of perceived stress and HL on FS simultaneously.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the association of perceived stress and HL with FS among family members of ICU patients.
DESIGN
A multicenter exploratory cross-sectional study.
METHODS
An exploratory, cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted in three ICUs from different hospitals in Chile. Family members of ICU patients with ≥48 h of stay and respiratory support were eligible. The Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit-24 questionnaire and the Perceived Stress Scale were used. HL was evaluated using three screening questions. Multiple beta regressions were fit to explore the association between perceived stress, HL, and FS.
RESULTS
A total of 101 family members with 63.4% identified as at risk of low HL were included. Multiple beta regression revealed that low HL was not associated with FS. Conversely, FS was negatively associated with perceived stress, being admitted to the ICU of the central or southern region, and having a close personal relationship with a healthcare provider but positively associated with the number of communications with ICU staff.
CONCLUSIONS
While perceived stress can be detrimental to FS, HL seems not to impact FS levels among family members of ICU patients. Further studies are required to explore the influence of HL on FS.
IMPLICATIONS OF THE CLINICAL PRACTICE
This study advances the knowledge regarding variables affecting FS in the ICU. Evaluating the family members' emotional status may help ICU healthcare providers in the allocation of resources to support family members and to properly assess their satisfaction.
PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION
Family members of ICU patients participated in this study.
背景
入住重症监护病房（ICU）通常是一段压力巨大的经历，可能会对患者家属对医疗护理、沟通及决策的满意度产生负面影响。健康素养（HL）与患者获取、处理和理解健康相关信息的能力相关。很少有研究同时探讨感知压力和健康素养对家属满意度的影响。
目的
研究ICU患者家属的感知压力和健康素养与家属满意度之间的关联。
设计
一项多中心探索性横断面研究。
方法
在智利不同医院的三个ICU开展了一项探索性横断面多中心研究。入住ICU时间≥48小时且接受呼吸支持的患者家属符合纳入条件。使用了重症监护病房家属满意度-24问卷和感知压力量表。通过三个筛查问题评估健康素养。采用多元β回归来探讨感知压力、健康素养和家属满意度之间的关联。
结果
共纳入101名家属，其中63.4%被认定有健康素养低的风险。多元β回归显示，健康素养低与家属满意度无关。相反，家属满意度与感知压力、入住中部或南部地区的ICU以及与医护人员有密切私人关系呈负相关，但与与ICU工作人员的沟通次数呈正相关。
结论
虽然感知压力可能对家属满意度有害，但健康素养似乎不会影响ICU患者家属的满意度水平。需要进一步研究来探讨健康素养对家属满意度的影响。
临床实践意义
本研究增进了对影响ICU家属满意度的变量的认识。评估家属的情绪状态可能有助于ICU医护人员分配资源以支持家属并正确评估他们的满意度。
患者或公众贡献
ICU患者家属参与了本研究。
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