Wang Longhuan, Jia Binghao, Yang Fan, Huang Qifeng, Peng Qing, Wu Ruixueer, Xie Zhenghui
State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 Jan 1;958:178120. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178120. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
Anthropogenic coal mining and water consumption affect groundwater storage (GWS) and impose substantial pressure on water resources. However, the responses and mechanisms of GWS to these activities and climate change are not well understood. In this study, the impacts of anthropogenic coal mining, water consumption, vegetation restoration and climate change on GWS in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) of China were quantitatively assessed, based on the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite data, land surface model simulations, Random Forest (RF) model, normalized vegetation index data, the statistical information in yearbooks and bulletins, and in situ observations. The results revealed a significant decline at a rate of -7.52 mm⋅year in GWS from 2003 to 2020, with the most pronounced decreasing trends in the middle and lower reaches of the YRB. Seventy-five percent of the regions with a gain in GWS showed an increasing trend in the net water flux (precipitation minus evapotranspiration). The RF model results show that water consumption by coal mining is the main factor influencing changes in GWS in the eastern and northern coal mining areas of the basin, with importance scores of 50-53. Significant vegetation restoration increased groundwater drought in the YRB, especially in the growing season. This study provides valuable scientific insights for formulating water resource management policies in the YRB.
人为煤炭开采和用水影响地下水储量（GWS），并给水资源带来巨大压力。然而，人们对GWS对这些活动及气候变化的响应和机制了解并不充分。在本研究中，基于重力恢复与气候实验（GRACE）卫星数据、陆面模型模拟、随机森林（RF）模型、归一化植被指数数据、年鉴和公报中的统计信息以及实地观测，对中国黄河流域（YRB）人为煤炭开采、用水、植被恢复和气候变化对GWS的影响进行了定量评估。结果显示，2003年至2020年期间GWS以每年−7.52毫米的速率显著下降，在黄河流域中下游下降趋势最为明显。75%的GWS增加区域的净水通量（降水量减去蒸发散量）呈上升趋势。RF模型结果表明，煤炭开采用水是影响该流域东部和北部煤炭开采区GWS变化的主要因素，重要性得分在50 - 53之间。显著的植被恢复加剧了黄河流域的地下水干旱，尤其是在生长季节。本研究为制定黄河流域水资源管理政策提供了有价值的科学见解。
