Tang Xiao-Jiao, He Jia-Tong, Liu Qing, Chen Lin
Department of Ophthalmology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 136, Zhongshan 2nd RD, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.
Health Management Center of Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2024 Dec 19;24(1):541. doi: 10.1186/s12886-024-03815-w.
To assess the correlation of body mass index (BMI), diet and lifestyle with allergic conjunctivitis (AC) in children.
This prospective case-control study included 105 children with AC and 105 age- and sex-matched children with no AC. Clinical data were collected, including BMI, dietary habits, physical activity, and sleep time. Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for AC.
Dietary habits including vitamin A supplement use (χ2 = 0.00; P = 1.00), the consumption of sweet food (χ2 = 6.70; P = 0.08), fast food (χ2 = 3.74; P = 0.29), beverages (χ2 = 1.17; P = 0.76), and seafood and fish (χ2 = 6.15; P = 0.10) and snacking before sleep (χ2 = 2.23; P = 0.53), were not associated with AC. There were significant differences in physical activity (χ2 = 12.64; P < 0.01) between the children with AC and healthy children. Physical activity of less than 1 h per day is more found among AC and more than 2 h of exercise per day is more found in healthy children. There were no differences in sleep duration (χ2 = 5.39; P = 0.07). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that a high BMI (overweight and obesity) (OR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.30-7.20; P = 0.01) was a significant risk factor for AC. The consumption of fish oil supplements (OR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.17-0.81; P = 0.01) and having been breastfed (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.16-0.72; p = 0.005) were protective factors against AC.
A high BMI (overweight and obesity) can increase the incidence of AC. Breastfeeding and dietary supplementation with fish oil are recommended for children susceptible to AC.
评估儿童体重指数（BMI）、饮食和生活方式与过敏性结膜炎（AC）之间的相关性。
这项前瞻性病例对照研究纳入了105例过敏性结膜炎患儿和105例年龄及性别匹配的非过敏性结膜炎患儿。收集临床数据，包括BMI、饮食习惯、身体活动和睡眠时间。采用多因素回归分析来分析过敏性结膜炎的危险因素。
饮食习惯包括维生素A补充剂的使用（χ2 = 0.00；P = 1.00）、甜食的摄入（χ2 = 6.70；P = 0.08）、快餐（χ2 = 3.74；P = 0.29）、饮料（χ2 = 1.17；P = 0.76）、海鲜和鱼类（χ2 = 6.15；P = 0.10）以及睡前吃零食（χ2 = 2.23；P = 0.53），均与过敏性结膜炎无关。过敏性结膜炎患儿与健康儿童在身体活动方面存在显著差异（χ2 = 12.64；P < 0.01）。过敏性结膜炎患儿中每天身体活动少于1小时的情况更为常见，而健康儿童中每天运动超过2小时的情况更为常见。睡眠时间无差异（χ2 = 5.39；P = 0.07）。多因素回归分析显示，高BMI（超重和肥胖）（OR = 3.05；95%CI：1.30 - 7.20；P = 0.01）是过敏性结膜炎的一个显著危险因素。服用鱼油补充剂（OR = 0.38；95%CI：0.17 - 0.81；P = 0.01）和曾进行母乳喂养（OR = 0.34；95%CI：0.16 - 0.72；P = 0.005）是预防过敏性结膜炎的保护因素。
高BMI（超重和肥胖）会增加过敏性结膜炎的发病率。建议对易患过敏性结膜炎的儿童进行母乳喂养并补充鱼油。
