Kassie Maru Zewdu, Berehan Haymanot Berelie, Yilema Seyifemickael Amare, Ayele Berhanie Addis
Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia.
Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2024 Dec 19;24(1):715. doi: 10.1186/s12872-024-04389-7.
Hypertension is a common, long-term condition that tends to be associated with age and can lead to significant cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to identify factors influencing the longitudinal Pulse Pressure of hypertensive patients treated at Assosa General Hospital (AGH), Western Ethiopia.
A retrospective study design was conducted from 325 randomly selected HTN patients in the outpatient department (OPD) clinic at AGH during the follow-up period from January 2022 to January 2024. The analysis included exploratory data analysis and the application of a linear mixed model. This model was used to analyze the longitudinally measured pulse pressure in patients with hypertension. The appropriate variance-covariance structure chosen for this analysis was the unstructured (UN) format.
Among the 325 patients included in the study, 51.5% were female, and 54.2% were from urban areas. The variables: Age (p-value < 0.0001), Urban (p-value = 0.012), FHHTN (p-value < 0.0238), Stage-I HTN (p-value = 0.0403), Stage-II HTN (p-value = 0.0022), DM (p-value < 0.0001), CKD (p-value < 0.0001), Smoking (p-value < 0.0001), Enalapril + Nifedipine (p-value = 0.0249), and follow-up time (p-value < 0.0001) were significant factors for the progression of pulse pressure.
The profile plot showed that the patient's pulse pressure decreases slowly as follow-up time increases. Age, Residence, FHHTN, DM, CKD, Smoking status, and Stages of HTN were positively associated with pulse pressure, whereas Treatment type and follow-up time were negatively associated with pulse pressure. So, Healthcare providers should prioritize addressing the modifiable risk factors mentioned above to help mitigate the progression of blood pressure specifically pulse pressure in hypertensive patients.
高血压是一种常见的长期病症，往往与年龄相关，并可导致严重的心血管并发症。本研究旨在确定影响埃塞俄比亚西部阿索萨综合医院（AGH）接受治疗的高血压患者纵向脉压的因素。
采用回顾性研究设计，对2022年1月至2024年1月随访期间在AGH门诊部（OPD）诊所随机选取的325例高血压患者进行研究。分析包括探索性数据分析和线性混合模型的应用。该模型用于分析高血压患者纵向测量的脉压。为此分析选择的合适方差协方差结构是无结构（UN）格式。
在纳入研究的325例患者中，51.5%为女性，54.2%来自城市地区。变量：年龄（p值<0.0001）、城市（p值=0.012）、家族性高血压（p值<0.0238）、I期高血压（p值=0.0403）、II期高血压（p值=0.0022）、糖尿病（p值<0.0001）、慢性肾脏病（p值<0.0001）、吸烟（p值<0.0001）、依那普利+硝苯地平（p值=0.0249）和随访时间（p值<0.0001）是脉压进展的显著因素。
轮廓图显示，随着随访时间的增加，患者的脉压缓慢下降。年龄、居住地、家族性高血压、糖尿病、慢性肾脏病、吸烟状况和高血压分期与脉压呈正相关，而治疗类型和随访时间与脉压呈负相关。因此，医疗服务提供者应优先处理上述可改变的危险因素，以帮助减轻高血压患者的血压进展，特别是脉压。
