Štěpánek Ladislav, Horáková Dagmar, Král Norbert, Štěpánek Lubomír, Býma Svatopluk
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 976/3, Olomouc, 77900, Czech Republic.
Society of General Practice, J. E. Purkyně Czech Medical Association, Sokolská 490/31, Prague, 12000, Czech Republic.
BMC Prim Care. 2024 Dec 19;25(1):421. doi: 10.1186/s12875-024-02675-z.
Given the critical role of general practitioners (GPs), their insufficient medical density and the adverse effects of burnout on both practitioners and the quality of care provided, the prevalence estimates of GP burnout reported in the literature are highly concerning. This nationwide study builds on a 2023 survey that revealed a significant burden of burnout among Czech GPs. The primary objectives were to analyse the prevalence and determinants of burnout and to examine potential trends over time.
In April 2024, 2,500 randomly selected GPs were emailed the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel, supplemented with sociodemographic and job-related questions. The statistical analysis included a comparison with an identical study conducted a year earlier.
Of the 765 completed responses (542 females, 223 males; mean age 55.5 years), 19.7% of the GPs experienced burnout in all three dimensions, 23% in two, 28.5% in one, and 28.8% in no dimension. Similar to 2023, the most common burnout dimension was a lack of personal accomplishment (PA, 52.2%), followed by emotional exhaustion (EE, 45.9%) and depersonalization (DP, 35.7%). Male and employed GPs experienced greater degrees of DP, while practice owners were more susceptible to EE. A positive dependence of burnout on the number of listed patients was identified. The proportion of GPs experiencing burnout across all dimensions decreased by 2.1% from 2023 to 2024 (p = 0.232), primarily in DP. Additionally, a 6.7% increase in GPs showing no signs of burnout in all dimensions (p = 0.002) further supported this positive trend.
Between 2023 and 2024, the prevalence of burnout among GPs exhibited a modest decline. Nonetheless, it persists at almost 20%. Ensuring a sufficiently dense network of GPs, providing adequate resource allocation, and raising awareness of their importance are essential measures.
鉴于全科医生（GP）的关键作用、其医疗密度不足以及职业倦怠对从业者和所提供医疗服务质量的不利影响，文献中报道的全科医生职业倦怠患病率估计令人高度担忧。这项全国性研究基于2023年的一项调查，该调查揭示了捷克全科医生中职业倦怠的沉重负担。主要目标是分析职业倦怠的患病率和决定因素，并研究随时间的潜在趋势。
2024年4月，通过电子邮件向2500名随机选择的全科医生发送了“马氏职业倦怠量表-医护人员版”，并补充了社会人口统计学和与工作相关的问题。统计分析包括与一年前进行的一项相同研究进行比较。
在765份完整回复中（542名女性，223名男性；平均年龄55.5岁），19.7%的全科医生在所有三个维度都经历了职业倦怠，23%在两个维度，28.5%在一个维度，28.8%在任何维度都没有经历职业倦怠。与2023年类似，最常见的职业倦怠维度是个人成就感缺失（PA，52.2%），其次是情感耗竭（EE，45.9%）和去个性化（DP，35.7%）。男性和受雇的全科医生经历的去个性化程度更高，而诊所所有者更容易出现情感耗竭。确定了职业倦怠与列出的患者数量呈正相关。从2023年到2024年，所有维度都经历职业倦怠的全科医生比例下降了2.1%（p = 0.232），主要是在去个性化维度。此外，所有维度都没有职业倦怠迹象的全科医生增加了6.7%（p = 0.002），这进一步支持了这一积极趋势。
在2023年至2024年期间，全科医生的职业倦怠患病率略有下降。尽管如此，仍几乎维持在20%。确保有足够密集的全科医生网络、提供充足的资源分配以及提高对他们重要性的认识是至关重要的措施。
