Anvari Samira, Nikbakht Mohsen, Vaezi Mohammad, Amini-Kafiabad Sedigheh, Ahmadvand Mohammad
Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cancer Cell Int. 2024 Dec 19;24(1):410. doi: 10.1186/s12935-024-03596-8.
Hematological malignancies are typically treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy as the first-line conventional therapies. However, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a rapidly expanding field of study in cancer biology that influences the growth, differentiation, and proliferation of tumors by targeting immunological checkpoints. This study reviews the results of studies (from 2012 to 2024) that consider the immune checkpoints and ncRNAs in relation to hematological malignancies receiving immunotherapy. This article provides a summary of the latest advancements in immunotherapy for treating hematological malignancies, focusing on the role of immune checkpoints and ncRNAs in the immune response and their capacity for innovative strategies. The paper also discusses the function of immune checkpoints in maintaining immune homeostasis and how their dysregulation can contribute to developing leukemia and lymphoma. Finally, this research concludes with a discussion on the obstacles and future directions in this rapidly evolving field, emphasizing the need for continued research to fully harness the capacity of immune checkpoints and ncRNAs in immunotherapy for hematological malignancies.
血液系统恶性肿瘤通常采用化疗和放疗作为一线传统疗法。然而，非编码RNA（ncRNAs）是癌症生物学中一个迅速发展的研究领域，它通过靶向免疫检查点影响肿瘤的生长、分化和增殖。本研究回顾了（2012年至2024年）关于接受免疫治疗的血液系统恶性肿瘤中免疫检查点和ncRNAs的研究结果。本文总结了治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤免疫疗法的最新进展，重点关注免疫检查点和ncRNAs在免疫反应中的作用及其创新策略的能力。本文还讨论了免疫检查点在维持免疫稳态中的功能，以及它们的失调如何导致白血病和淋巴瘤的发生。最后，本研究讨论了这个快速发展领域的障碍和未来方向，强调需要持续研究以充分利用免疫检查点和ncRNAs在血液系统恶性肿瘤免疫治疗中的能力。
