Nakagawa Naoki
Laboratory of Mammalian Neural Circuits, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.
Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Japan.
Front Neural Circuits. 2024 Dec 5;18:1504422. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2024.1504422. eCollection 2024.
The Golgi apparatus is a central hub in the intracellular secretory pathway. By positioning in the specific intracellular region and transporting materials to spatially restricted compartments, the Golgi apparatus contributes to the cell polarity establishment and morphological specification in diverse cell types. In neurons, the Golgi apparatus mediates several essential steps of initial neural circuit formation during early brain development, such as axon-dendrite polarization, neuronal migration, primary dendrite specification, and dendritic arbor elaboration. Moreover, neuronal activity-dependent remodeling of the Golgi structure enables morphological changes in neurons, which provides the cellular basis of circuit reorganization during postnatal critical period. In this review, I summarize recent findings illustrating the unique Golgi positioning and its developmental dynamics in various types of neurons. I also discuss the upstream regulators for the Golgi positioning in neurons, and functional roles of the Golgi in neural circuit formation and reorganization. Elucidating how Golgi apparatus sculpts neuronal connectivity would deepen our understanding of the cellular/molecular basis of neural circuit development and plasticity.
高尔基体是细胞内分泌途径的核心枢纽。通过定位在特定的细胞内区域并将物质运输到空间受限的区室，高尔基体有助于多种细胞类型中细胞极性的建立和形态特化。在神经元中，高尔基体在早期脑发育过程中介导初始神经回路形成的几个关键步骤，如轴突 - 树突极化、神经元迁移、初级树突特化和树突分支细化。此外，高尔基体结构的神经元活动依赖性重塑使神经元发生形态变化，这为出生后关键期的回路重组提供了细胞基础。在这篇综述中，我总结了近期的研究结果，阐述了高尔基体在各类神经元中的独特定位及其发育动态。我还讨论了神经元中高尔基体定位的上游调节因子，以及高尔基体在神经回路形成和重组中的功能作用。阐明高尔基体如何塑造神经元连接性将加深我们对神经回路发育和可塑性的细胞/分子基础的理解。
