D'Souza Prima Jenevive Jyothi, George Linu Sara, Paramasivam Ganesh, Devasia Tom, George Anice, Nayak Baby S, Kusumavathi P
Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Oct 28;13:384. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1956_23. eCollection 2024.
Heart failure (HF) is a chronic condition with significant public health concerns. HF necessitates adequate knowledge and adherence to self-care for enhanced quality of life and decreased rehospitalization. This study aimed to explore knowledge and self-care behavior in patients with HF.
The study was conducted in cardiology wards of a tertiary care hospital and the design was a randomized controlled trial. The baseline data (before the intervention) from 160 HF patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial were analyzed. Knowledge and self-care behavior were measured using the Dutch HF Knowledge Questionnaire (score ranging from 0 to 15) and European HF Self-care Behavior Scale-9 (score ranging from 0 to 100). Higher scores indicated better self-care behavior and knowledge. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation and inferential statistics such as independent sample -test and ANOVA were performed.
The majority (75.0%) were men with a mean age of 56.1 ± 7.9 years. A significant proportion had hypertension (65%), diabetes (58.7%), or both comorbidities (40.6%). Most exhibited a left ventricular ejection fraction <30% (60.6%) and New York Heart Association class II (43.1%). The mean knowledge and self-care behavior scores were 7.1 ± 2.0 and 45.0 ± 12.4, respectively. Over half of the participants had inadequate self-care behavior (51.2%), and 88.3% lacked sufficient knowledge about HF. Medication adherence was high (87.0%) among the participants, while only 3.1% reported regular weight monitoring and 32.3% exercised regularly.
There was a lack of HF-related knowledge and inadequate self-care behavior for HF management. Effective interventions to improve disease-related knowledge may lead to better self-care behavior and improve clinical outcomes.
心力衰竭（HF）是一种引起重大公共卫生关注的慢性疾病。心力衰竭需要足够的知识并坚持自我护理，以提高生活质量并减少再次住院。本研究旨在探讨心力衰竭患者的知识水平和自我护理行为。
本研究在一家三级护理医院的心脏病病房进行，设计为随机对照试验。对纳入随机对照试验的160例心力衰竭患者的基线数据（干预前）进行分析。使用荷兰心力衰竭知识问卷（得分范围为0至15）和欧洲心力衰竭自我护理行为量表-9（得分范围为0至100）来测量知识水平和自我护理行为。得分越高表明自我护理行为和知识水平越好。进行了频率、百分比、均值和标准差等描述性统计以及独立样本t检验和方差分析等推断性统计。
大多数（75.0%）为男性，平均年龄为56.1±7.9岁。很大一部分患者患有高血压（65%）、糖尿病（58.7%）或两种合并症（40.6%）。大多数患者左心室射血分数<30%（60.6%）且纽约心脏协会心功能分级为II级（43.1%）。知识水平和自我护理行为的平均得分分别为7.1±2.0和45.0±12.4。超过一半的参与者自我护理行为不足（51.2%），88.3%的参与者缺乏关于心力衰竭的足够知识。参与者的药物依从性较高（87.0%），而只有3.1%的人报告定期体重监测，32.3%的人定期锻炼。
在心力衰竭管理方面，缺乏与心力衰竭相关的知识且自我护理行为不足。有效的干预措施以改善疾病相关知识可能会带来更好的自我护理行为并改善临床结局。
