Effects of Breastfeeding Knowledge and Health Beliefs Regarding Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on the Breastfeeding Intention of Pregnant Women.

PURPOSE

This study aims to explore the relationships between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)-related breastfeeding knowledge, GDM-related breastfeeding health beliefs, and breastfeeding intention. It investigates the factors influencing breastfeeding intention among pregnant women in Nepal.

METHODS

A total of 229 healthy pregnant women visiting an antenatal clinic in Nepal participated in this study between January and March, 2023. They completed a questionnaire that assessed their GDM-related breastfeeding knowledge, GDM-related breastfeeding health beliefs, and breastfeeding intention. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance including Scheffé's post hoc test, and logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

Of the participants, 86.9% (n = 199) indicated positive breastfeeding intention, even with a relatively low level of GDM-related breastfeeding knowledge. Logistic regression analysis of the factors influencing breastfeeding intention yielded a significant model (χ = 38.80, p < .001) with significant variables; GDM-related breastfeeding knowledge [odds ratio (OR): 1.0, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.40], GDM-related breastfeeding health beliefs (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04-1.15), and immediate family experience with diabetes mellitus (OR: 5.38, 95% CI: 1.98-14.62).

CONCLUSION

Nurses should lead interventions to educate pregnant women about the benefits of breastfeeding that can help in mitigating the long-term effects of GDM and reinforce health beliefs through positive experiences. This study provides information demonstrating the need for nurse-led improvements in Nepal's GDM management system, from screening to comprehensive care.