头12个月母乳喂养方式与随后婴儿呼吸道感染的关联：一项前瞻性队列研究

Association of breastfeeding practices during the first 12 months and subsequent infant respiratory tract infections: a prospective cohort study.

作者信息

Wang Weiming, Tu Menghan, Huang Li, Zhang Xu, Chen Xi, Lin Lixia, Yang Xuefeng, Hao Liping, Yang Nianhong

机构信息

Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China.

出版信息

Eur J Clin Nutr. 2025 Apr;79(4):345-350. doi: 10.1038/s41430-024-01558-x. Epub 2024 Dec 20.

DOI:10.1038/s41430-024-01558-x

PMID:39706879

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Breastfeeding and human milk are the normative standards for infant feeding and nutrition.

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to examine the association of breastfeeding practices during the first year of life with subsequent infant respiratory tract infections (RTIs).

METHODS

The study was a secondary analysis embedded in the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort study. Information on infant breastfeeding was collected at 3, 6, and 12 months of age. Pediatrician-diagnosed infant RTIs and hospitalization for RTIs during 12-24 months were obtained at 24 months postpartum. Robust log-Poisson regression models were applied to explore the association of breastfeeding practices with RTIs risk and hospitalization due to RTIs.

RESULTS

Among the 5242 infants studied, 13.1% (n = 435) of infants received full breastfeeding for six months and continued breastfeeding for at least one year (F6-L). When compared with infants in the F6-L group, those who were formula fed (FF) had a higher risk of RTIs, including upper RTIS and lower RTIS, the adjusted RRs (95%CIs) were 1.34 (1.17, 1.53), 1.31 (1.12, 1.52), 1.59 (1.10, 2.31), respectively. When compared with infants in the F6-L group, the adjusted RRs (95%CIs) for hospitalization from RTIs was 1.88 (1.20, 2.95) for the FF group.

CONCLUSION

Full breastfeeding for six months and continued breastfeeding for at least one year was associated with a lower risk of subsequent infant RTIs and hospitalization from RTIs.

摘要

背景

母乳喂养和母乳是婴儿喂养和营养的规范标准。

目的

我们旨在研究生命第一年的母乳喂养方式与随后婴儿呼吸道感染（RTIs）之间的关联。

方法

本研究是同济妇幼健康队列研究中的一项二次分析。在婴儿3、6和12个月大时收集母乳喂养信息。产后24个月时获取儿科医生诊断的12 - 24个月婴儿RTIs及因RTIs住院情况。应用稳健的对数泊松回归模型探讨母乳喂养方式与RTIs风险及因RTIs住院之间的关联。

结果

在5242名研究婴儿中，13.1%（n = 435）的婴儿纯母乳喂养6个月并持续母乳喂养至少1年（F6 - L）。与F6 - L组婴儿相比，人工喂养（FF）的婴儿患RTIs的风险更高，包括上呼吸道感染和下呼吸道感染，调整后的相对危险度（95%置信区间）分别为1.34（1.17，1.53）、1.31（1.12，1.52）、1.59（1.10，2.31）。与F6 - L组婴儿相比，FF组因RTIs住院的调整后相对危险度（95%置信区间）为1.88（1.20，2.95）。