Chu Hui-Hui, Zhang Ru, Han Ling-Ling, Yu Ji-Feng
Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China.
Eur J Pediatr. 2024 Dec 20;184(1):94. doi: 10.1007/s00431-024-05938-0.
To assess how children's myopia affects the psychological state of their parents, especially their anxiety levels, and its related factors.
Using a cross-sectional case series design, this study employed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) to assess the anxiety status of parents of myopic children who visited Beijing Children's Hospital from May to August 2024. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test, t-test, and analysis of variance, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between myopia and anxiety.
Among the 242 parents surveyed, 64.46% (156) showed no anxiety symptoms, 17.36% (42) exhibited mild anxiety, 9.5% (23) had moderate anxiety, and 8.68% (21) had severe anxiety. There was a significant gender difference in anxiety levels, with mothers generally experiencing more anxiety. Specifically, the average anxiety score for mothers was 8.58 ± 12.01, while that for fathers was 7.19 ± 9.16. Univariate analysis revealed that mothers of girls aged under40 with the myopia degree ranging from -0.25D to -6.00D exhibited more pronounced myopic anxiety. In addition, difference analysis indicated that the higher the degree of myopia in the child, the higher the anxiety score of the parents (P < 0.05). Younger children were typically associated with a higher anxiety level of parents. Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the degree of myopia in the child and the anxiety level in the parents, while there was a negative correlation between the age of the child and anxiety scores (P < 0.05).
Children's myopia has a significant impact on the mental health of parents, especially mothers. The anxiety level is closely related to the gender of the child and the severity of myopia. Therefore, it is particularly important to provide positive psychological support for promoting children's vision health and enhancing family psychological harmony.
评估儿童近视如何影响其父母的心理状态，尤其是焦虑水平及其相关因素。
本研究采用横断面病例系列设计，运用贝克焦虑量表（BAI）评估2024年5月至8月期间前往北京儿童医院就诊的近视儿童家长的焦虑状况。数据采用卡方检验、t检验和方差分析进行统计学分析，并使用Spearman相关分析探讨近视与焦虑之间的关系。
在接受调查的242名家长中，64.46%（156名）无焦虑症状，17.36%（42名）表现为轻度焦虑，9.5%（23名）有中度焦虑，8.68%（21名）有重度焦虑。焦虑水平存在显著性别差异，母亲通常焦虑程度更高。具体而言，母亲的平均焦虑评分为8.58±12.01，而父亲为7.19±9.16。单因素分析显示，40岁以下、近视度数在-0.25D至-6.00D之间的女孩的母亲表现出更明显的近视焦虑。此外，差异分析表明，孩子近视程度越高，家长的焦虑评分越高（P<0.05）。年龄较小的孩子通常与家长较高的焦虑水平相关。Spearman相关分析显示，孩子的近视程度与家长的焦虑水平呈正相关，而孩子的年龄与焦虑评分呈负相关（P<0.05）。
儿童近视对家长尤其是母亲的心理健康有显著影响。焦虑水平与孩子的性别和近视严重程度密切相关。因此，为促进儿童视力健康和增强家庭心理和谐提供积极的心理支持尤为重要。
