Latorre-Arteaga Sergio, Gil-González Diana, Vives-Cases Carmen, La Parra Casado Daniel
Public Health Research Group, University of Alicante, Campus San Vicente del Raspeig. Ap.99 E-03080, 03690, Alicante, Spain.
Universidade Lurio, Campus de Marrere, 0301, Nampula, Mozambique.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2017 Dec;19(6):1304-1314. doi: 10.1007/s10903-016-0489-9.
We analyzed vision and hearing health status in the Spanish Roma population compared with the general population and its influence on mental health and social participation. We conducted a Cross-sectional study on Roma population (n = 1.167) compared to general population in Spain (n = 21.007). We analyzed the use of optical and hearing aids, vision and hearing limitations and associations with mental health, diagnosed depression and social participation; through prevalence, odds ratio adjusted by age (AOR), Chi square independence test and contrast of proportions (p < 0.05). The Roma population are more likely to present vision limitations-far sight AOR = 3.76 (3.13-4.55), near sight AOR = 3.18 (2.33-4.35)-, hearing difficulties-AOR = 1.41 (1.15-1.72)-, and lower use of corrective aids than the general population. These findings were associated with poor mental health and lower social participation (p < 0.01). Vision and hearing limitations affect unequally in Spain. Addressing avoidable vision and hearing impairment among Roma population is needed to reduce health inequities.
我们分析了西班牙罗姆人群体与普通人群体相比的视力和听力健康状况，以及其对心理健康和社会参与的影响。我们对罗姆人群体（n = 1167）与西班牙普通人群体（n = 21007）进行了一项横断面研究。我们分析了光学和助听器的使用情况、视力和听力限制以及与心理健康、诊断出的抑郁症和社会参与之间的关联；通过患病率、年龄调整后的比值比（AOR）、卡方独立性检验和比例对比（p < 0.05）。与普通人群相比，罗姆人群体更有可能出现视力限制——远视AOR = 3.76（3.13 - 4.55），近视AOR = 3.18（2.33 - 4.35）——听力困难——AOR = 1.41（1.15 - 1.72）——以及矫正辅助器具的使用率较低。这些发现与较差的心理健康和较低的社会参与度相关（p < 0.01）。在西班牙，视力和听力限制的影响并不均衡。需要解决罗姆人群体中可避免的视力和听力损害问题，以减少健康不平等现象。
