Strelow Brittany, O'Laughlin Danielle, Anderson Taryn, Cyriac Jissy, Buzzard Jenny, Klindworth Amber
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
J Prim Care Community Health. 2024 Jan-Dec;15:21501319241307460. doi: 10.1177/21501319241307460.
Menopause marks a significant transition in a woman's life, typically occurring between the ages of 46 and 55 years, characterized by the cessation of menstruation and a decline in ovarian function. This article provides a comprehensive overview of menopause, examining its physiological, psychological, and social dimensions. It explores the hormonal changes, including decreased levels of estrogen and progesterone, and how these changes contribute to common symptoms such as hot flashes, sleep disturbances, and mood fluctuations. Additionally, it highlights contemporary approaches to management, including lifestyle modifications and hormonal and non-hormonal therapies. By synthesizing current research and clinical insights, this overview aims to enhance understanding and support for women navigating menopause and the healthcare professionals assisting them.
更年期标志着女性生命中的一个重要转变，通常发生在46岁至55岁之间，其特征是月经停止和卵巢功能衰退。本文全面概述了更年期，审视了其生理、心理和社会层面。探讨了激素变化，包括雌激素和孕激素水平下降，以及这些变化如何导致潮热、睡眠障碍和情绪波动等常见症状。此外，还强调了当代的管理方法，包括生活方式的改变以及激素和非激素疗法。通过综合当前的研究和临床见解，本概述旨在增进对经历更年期的女性以及帮助她们的医疗保健专业人员的理解和支持。
