Sekino Masashi, Nakamichi Reiichiro, Ojima Daisuke, Ito Atsushi
Bioinformatics and Biosciences Division, Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fuku-Ura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan.
Production Engineering Division, Miyako Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 4-9-1 Miyako, Iwate, 027-0097, Japan.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Dec 21;52(1):73. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-10099-2.
As part of stock enhancement programs for marine fishery species, the stocking of hatchery-produced seedlings into sea areas has been implemented worldwide. DNA markers are vital for responsible stock enhancement practices that aim to conserve the genetic diversity of recipient wild populations. We report novel single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and multiplex SNP panels developed for the west Pacific pen shell Atrina lischkeana (Clessin, 1891), a large bivalve that is expected to be a subject of stock enhancement activity as the natural resource has dwindled, especially in Japan.
On the basis of single-base primer extension combined with MALD-TOF/MS analysis, we developed 218 SNP markers across eight multiplex SNP panels, which allowed genotyping of specimens from two wild A. lischkeana populations. However, our parentage analysis for a captive-bred population sample revealed that 21 of the 218 markers exhibited non-Mendelian patterns of allelic transmission in parent-offspring trios. We verified that the inheritance of undetectable null alleles caused almost all the aberrant allelic transmissions.
The developed markers will be of significant use in dealing with issues related to the stock enhancement of A. lischkeana, such as the monitoring of genetic diversity of hatchery stocks and the evaluation of impacts of stocking upon the genetic makeup of recipient wild populations, although caution is warranted especially when the 21 markers with unexpected patterns of allelic segregation are applied to field samples. Additionally, the markers can be analyzed in other targeted genotyping platforms.
作为海洋渔业物种资源增殖计划的一部分，向海域投放孵化场培育的幼苗已在全球范围内实施。DNA标记对于旨在保护受纳野生种群遗传多样性的负责任的资源增殖实践至关重要。我们报告了为西太平洋栉江珧（Atrina lischkeana，Clessin，1891）开发的新型单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记和多重SNP面板，栉江珧是一种大型双壳贝类，由于自然资源减少，尤其是在日本，预计它将成为资源增殖活动的对象。
基于单碱基引物延伸结合基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALD-TOF/MS）分析，我们在八个多重SNP面板上开发了218个SNP标记，这些标记可对来自两个野生栉江珧种群的样本进行基因分型。然而，我们对一个圈养繁殖种群样本的亲权分析显示，在218个标记中，有21个在亲子三联体中表现出非孟德尔等位基因传递模式。我们证实，几乎所有异常的等位基因传递都是由不可检测的无效等位基因的遗传引起的。
尽管在将21个具有意外等位基因分离模式的标记应用于野外样本时需要格外谨慎，但所开发的标记对于处理与栉江珧资源增殖相关的问题，如监测孵化场种群的遗传多样性以及评估放流对受纳野生种群遗传组成的影响，将具有重要作用。此外，这些标记可在其他靶向基因分型平台上进行分析。
