Whole exome sequencing revealed new variants and haplotypes associated with monogenic obesity.

OBJECTIVES

This study aims to identify new variants and haplotypes associated with monogenic obesity by analyzing known obesity genes in whole exome sequencing (WES) data.

METHODS

The monogenic obesity-associated genes were identified by using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) monogenic obesity panels. WES was performed on ( = 49) extremely obese (children under 5 with weight-for-height greater than 3 standard deviations (SD) above the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards median) and ( = 50) control nonobese (25 > body mass index (BMI) < 30) subjects without a history of childhood obesity, and also Iranome WES data of healthy subjects ( = 800).

RESULTS

Seventy-four genes were included in WES analyses. After Bonferroni correction, the T allele of rs2275155 on was significantly associated with the increased risk of obesity for allelic and co-dominant models (˂0.05). Also, a significant association was observed for the T allele of rs116167439 on and the T allele of rs201676524 a rare variant on ; for allelic, dominant, overdominant, and co-dominant models (˂0.05). In the haplotype association study, TC on ), CATA (on ), CAA, CTA, CAAA, and TTGA (on ) haplotypes showed significant associations with monogenic obesity ( < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggested that the T allele of two common variants rs2275155 and rs116167439, also rare variant rs201676524 are associated with an increased risk of monogenic obesity. The significant haplotype associations indicate these variants may be in linkage with causative rare variants and should be considered in future studies.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01507-2.