Chutiwitoonchai Nopporn, Akkarawongsapat Radeekorn, Chantawarin Suphat, Jiarpinitnun Chutima, Liwnaree Benjamas, Teeravechyan Samaporn, Soodvilai Sunhapas
Virology and Cell Technology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
Antiviral Res. 2025 Feb;234:106073. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.106073. Epub 2024 Dec 22.
Global swine industry has long been severely affected by the periodic outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), a deadly infectious disease in piglets caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Currently, available vaccines and antiviral drugs could not provide effective prevention and treatment of PEDV infection in pigs. In this study, Boesenbergia rotunda (B. rotunda) extract and its major bioactive flavonoid, pinostrobin, were demonstrated to exhibit remarkable anti-PEDV activities with EC values of 0.33 ± 0.02 μg/ml and 2.71 ± 0.12 μM, and selectivity indices (SI) of 11.93 and > 184.55, respectively. Results based on a time-of-addition assay showed that pinostrobin blocked PEDV infection mainly at the early stages of infection. More specifically, pinostrobin reduced cell-cell fusion mediated by the viral spike protein, suggesting that the compound may target the virus fusion step. We also synthesized pinostrobin derivatives and explored the impact of pinostrobin structural features to the observed anti-PEDV activity. Results indicated the importance of the hydroxyl group and substituent on the phenyl ring. In summary, this study highlights the potential of B. rotunda extract and its bioactive compound, pinostrobin, as candidates for the development of antiviral drugs to more effectively control PEDV infection.
全球养猪业长期受到猪流行性腹泻（PED）周期性爆发的严重影响，猪流行性腹泻是一种由猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）引起的仔猪致命传染病。目前，现有的疫苗和抗病毒药物无法有效预防和治疗猪的PEDV感染。在本研究中，圆叶砂仁提取物及其主要生物活性黄酮类化合物松属素被证明具有显著的抗PEDV活性，其半数效应浓度（EC）值分别为0.33±0.02μg/ml和2.71±0.12μM，选择性指数（SI）分别为11.93和>184.55。基于药物添加时间试验的结果表明，松属素主要在感染的早期阶段阻断PEDV感染。更具体地说，松属素减少了由病毒刺突蛋白介导的细胞-细胞融合，这表明该化合物可能靶向病毒融合步骤。我们还合成了松属素衍生物，并探讨了松属素结构特征对观察到的抗PEDV活性的影响。结果表明了羟基和苯环上取代基的重要性。总之，本研究突出了圆叶砂仁提取物及其生物活性化合物松属素作为开发抗病毒药物以更有效控制PEDV感染候选物的潜力。
