Cartledge Kayla, Short Francesca L, Hall Alex, Lambert Karen, McDonald Michael J, Lithgow Trevor
Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Infection Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
IUBMB Life. 2025 Jan;77(1):e2931. doi: 10.1002/iub.2931.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been declared one of the top 10 global public health challenges of our age by the World Health Organization, and the World Bank describes AMR as a crisis affecting the finance, health, and agriculture sectors and a major threat to the attainment of Sustainable Development Goals. But what is AMR? It is a phenotype that evolves in microbes exposed to antimicrobial molecules and causes dangerous infections. This suggests that scientists and healthcare workers should be on the frontline in the search for sustainable solutions to AMR. Yet AMR is also a societal problem to be understood by everyone. This review aims to explore the need to address the problem of AMR through a coherent, international strategy with buy-in from all sectors of society. As reviewed here, the sustainable solutions to AMR will be driven by better understanding of AMR biology but will require more than this alone to succeed. Some advances on the horizon, such as the use of bacteriophage (phage) to treat AMR infections. However, many of the new technologies and new therapeutics to address AMR require access to biodiversity, where the custodians of that biodiversity-and the traditional knowledge required to access it-are needed as key partners in the scientific, clinical, biotechnological, and international ventures that would treat the problem of AMR and ultimately prevent its further evolution. Many of these advances will be built on microbial assessments to understand the extent of AMR in our environments and bioprospecting to identify microbes that may have beneficial uses. Genuine partnerships for access to this biodiversity and sharing of benefits accrued require a consideration of ethical practice and behavior. Behavior change is needed across all sectors of culturally diverse societies so that rapid deployment of solutions can be implemented for maximum effect against the impacts of AMR.
抗微生物药物耐药性（AMR）已被世界卫生组织宣布为我们这个时代全球十大公共卫生挑战之一，世界银行将AMR描述为一场影响金融、卫生和农业部门的危机，是实现可持续发展目标的重大威胁。但什么是AMR呢？它是一种在接触抗微生物分子的微生物中演变而来的表型，会引发危险感染。这表明科学家和医护人员应站在寻找AMR可持续解决方案的前沿。然而，AMR也是一个需要每个人都去理解的社会问题。本综述旨在探讨通过一项得到社会各界认可的连贯国际战略来解决AMR问题的必要性。如此处所述，AMR的可持续解决方案将由对AMR生物学的更好理解推动，但仅靠这一点还不足以成功。一些即将出现的进展，比如利用噬菌体治疗AMR感染。然而，许多应对AMR的新技术和新疗法需要利用生物多样性，而生物多样性的守护者以及获取它所需的传统知识，是应对AMR问题并最终防止其进一步演变的科学、临床、生物技术和国际项目中的关键合作伙伴。许多这些进展将建立在微生物评估的基础上，以了解我们环境中AMR的程度，并通过生物勘探来识别可能有有益用途的微生物。获取这种生物多样性并分享所获利益的真正伙伴关系需要考虑道德实践和行为。文化多元社会的所有部门都需要改变行为，以便能够迅速部署解决方案，以最大程度地应对AMR的影响。
