Beigrezaei Sara, Dianati Mostafa, Salehi-Abargouei Amin, Fararouei Mohammad, Akbari-Beni Ali, Brinkman Maree, White Emily, Weiderpass Elisabete, Le Calvez-Kelm Florence, Gunter Marc J, Huybrechts Inge, Liedberg Fredrik, Skeie Guri, Tjonneland Anne, Riboli Elio, Zeegers Maurice P, Wesselius Anke
Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
International Agency for Research on Cancer World Health Organization, Lyon, France.
Eur J Nutr. 2024 Dec 24;64(1):55. doi: 10.1007/s00394-024-03551-3.
Although total dietary protein intake has been associated with bladder cancer (BC) risk, the effect of the origin (plant or animal) and the substitutions remain to be understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of total dietary protein, animal-based protein, plant-based protein, and their substitutions with each other on the risk of BC using a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies.
The study was conducted within the "BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants" (BLEND) study, including 10 prospective cohort studies from several European countries, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Individual data from 10 prospective cohorts containing 434,412 participants (overall male/female ratio was almost 3:1) with a total of 4,224,643.8 person-years of follow-up was analyzed. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for BC risk for animal and plant-based protein substitutions of 30gram (g) per day (g/day) were estimated by multivariable adjusted HRs using Cox proportional hazards models.
During 11.4 years of follow-up, among 434,412 participants (73.28% female), 1,440 new cases of BC were identified. After multivariable adjustment, no association was observed between the intake of total, animal-based protein, and plant-based protein and BC risk. Replacement of every 30 g/day of animal-based protein intake by the same amount of plant-based protein intake or vice versa was not associated with the risk of BC.
In conclusion, our study found no association between protein intake-whether from animal or plant sources-and the risk of BC. Substituting animal-based protein with plant-based protein, or the reverse, did not influence BC risk. Future studies are required to provide information on the link between animal- and plant-based proteins and BC risk.
尽管膳食总蛋白摄入量与膀胱癌（BC）风险相关，但其来源（植物性或动物性）及替代作用仍有待明确。本研究旨在通过对10项队列研究进行汇总分析，探究膳食总蛋白、动物性蛋白、植物性蛋白及其相互替代对BC风险的影响。
本研究在“膀胱癌流行病学与营养决定因素”（BLEND）研究中开展，纳入了来自欧洲多个国家、英国和美国的10项前瞻性队列研究。对10个前瞻性队列中434,412名参与者（总体男女比例约为3:1）的个体数据进行分析，随访总时长为4,224,643.8人年。使用Cox比例风险模型，通过多变量调整风险比（HR）估计每日30克（g）动物性蛋白和植物性蛋白替代对BC风险的HR及95%置信区间（CI）。
在11.4年的随访期间，434,412名参与者（73.28%为女性）中确诊了1,440例新的BC病例。多变量调整后，未观察到膳食总蛋白、动物性蛋白和植物性蛋白摄入量与BC风险之间存在关联。每日每30克动物性蛋白摄入量被等量植物性蛋白摄入量替代，或反之，均与BC风险无关。
总之，我们的研究发现，无论是动物性还是植物性来源的蛋白质摄入与BC风险之间均无关联。用植物性蛋白替代动物性蛋白或反之，均不影响BC风险。未来需要进一步研究以提供有关动物性和植物性蛋白与BC风险之间联系的信息。
