Al-Zayadneh Enas, Marie Dana, Khraisat Farah A, Musa Suzan S, AlSamhori Jehad Feras, Altamimi Dina Alkhateeb, Khashman Alia O, Daher Amirah, Al-Iede Montaha
Department of Pediatrics, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan.
School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
J Int Med Res. 2024 Dec;52(12):3000605241306405. doi: 10.1177/03000605241306405.
To describe changes in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemiology, its associated clinical outcomes and predictors of severe acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) pre- and post-COVID-19.
In this retrospective cohort, we analysed data from electronic medical record of children <5 years who were hospitalized at Jordan University Hospital with RSV-associated ALRTI from 2018 to 2022.
325 inpatients with respiratory infections were included. Rate of RSV infections decreased from 74% pre-pandemic to 30% post-pandemic. Patients diagnosed with ALRTI post-COVID had significantly higher SpO2, less chronic disease, lower temperature and respiratory rate at admission and fewer days in hospital compared with those diagnosed pre-COVID. Furthermore, patients diagnosed pre-pandemic were significantly more likely to have abnormal X-rays, used more antibiotics and antivirals, and had higher rates of severe disease than those with infection post-COVID.
COVID-19 and its associated social restriction measures led to changes in RSV epidemiology, characterized by a decline in rates and clinical severity in the post-pandemic period. However, further studies are needed to characterize the impact of COVID-19 on subsequent RSV seasons.
描述2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）前后呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）的流行病学变化、其相关的临床结局以及严重急性下呼吸道感染（ALRTI）的预测因素。
在这项回顾性队列研究中，我们分析了2018年至2022年在约旦大学医院因RSV相关ALRTI住院的5岁以下儿童的电子病历数据。
纳入了325例呼吸道感染住院患者。RSV感染率从疫情前的74%降至疫情后的30%。与COVID-19之前确诊的患者相比，COVID-19之后确诊为ALRTI的患者入院时的血氧饱和度（SpO2）显著更高，慢性病更少，体温和呼吸频率更低，住院天数也更少。此外，疫情前确诊的患者比COVID-19感染后确诊的患者更有可能出现X线异常，使用更多的抗生素和抗病毒药物，并且重症率更高。
COVID-19及其相关的社会限制措施导致了RSV流行病学的变化，其特征是疫情后发病率和临床严重程度下降。然而，需要进一步研究来确定COVID-19对随后RSV流行季节的影响。
