Wu Xiaoyu, Guan Fangxu, Su Chang, Zhang Jiguo, Jia Xiaofang, Wei Yanli, Huang Feifei, Li Li, Bai Jing, Ouyang Yifei, Zhang Xiaofan, Wang Huijun, He Yuna, Du Wenwen
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2024 Nov;53(6):880-913. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2024.06.005.
To analyze the status and epidemic trends of major chronic metabolic diseases among adults.
Using the "China Health and Nutrition Survey"(2009-2018)/"China Development and Nutrition Health Impact Cohort Survey"(2022-2023), adults aged 18 years old and above from 10 provincial regions were selected as the study subjects. Those with missing demographic information and disease diagnosis were removed, and a total of 34 982 people were finally included from 2009, 2015, 2018 and 2023 waves. The prevalence trend of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia, as well as the differences in age, gender, urban/rural and regions were described and analyzed. Multiple logistics regression models were fitted to analyze the relations of various chronic metabolic diseases.
The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia among adults in 10 provincial regions increased from 31.71%, 10.86%, 34.96% and 11.39% in 2009 to 43.43%, 16.81%, 39.02% and 14.54% in 2023, respectively. Except for hyperuricemia, the prevalence of other chronic metabolic diseases increased with age. The prevalence of chronic metabolic diseases in males was significantly higher than that in females(P<0.01). Except for hypertension, the incidence of chronic metabolic diseases among urban residents was generally higher than that in rural areas(P<0.01), but the urban-rural difference was gradually decreasing. Regional differences showed different characteristics in each diseases. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in the north was higher than that in the south(P<0.01), however, the prevalence of hyperuricemia in the south was higher than that in the north(P<0.01). Suffering from one metabolic disease increased the risk of developing other metabolic diseases simultaneously.
From 2009 to 2023, the prevalence of major chronic metabolic diseases among adults has shown a significant increasing trend, with differences in age, gender, urban-rural areas, and regions.
分析成年人中主要慢性代谢性疾病的现状及流行趋势。
利用“中国健康与营养调查”（2009 - 2018年）/“中国发展与营养健康影响队列调查”（2022 - 2023年），选取10个省级地区18岁及以上的成年人作为研究对象。剔除人口统计学信息和疾病诊断缺失者，最终纳入2009年、2015年、2018年和2023年调查波次的34982人。描述并分析高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和高尿酸血症的患病率趋势，以及年龄、性别、城乡和地区差异。拟合多重logistic回归模型分析各种慢性代谢性疾病之间的关系。
10个省级地区成年人中高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和高尿酸血症的患病率分别从2009年的31.71%、10.86%、34.96%和11.39%上升至2023年的43.43%、16.81%、39.02%和14.54%。除高尿酸血症外，其他慢性代谢性疾病的患病率随年龄增长而上升。男性慢性代谢性疾病的患病率显著高于女性（P<0.01）。除高血压外，城镇居民慢性代谢性疾病的发病率普遍高于农村居民（P<0.01），但城乡差异逐渐缩小。各疾病的地区差异表现出不同特点。北方高血压和糖尿病的患病率高于南方（P<0.01），然而，南方高尿酸血症的患病率高于北方（P<0.01）。患一种代谢性疾病会增加同时患其他代谢性疾病的风险。
2009年至2023年，成年人中主要慢性代谢性疾病的患病率呈显著上升趋势，在年龄、性别、城乡和地区方面存在差异。
