Li Yang, Zhang Xin, Sang Hui, Niu Xiaoyuan, Liu Tingting, Liu Weidong, Li Jian
Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan.
Department of Neurology, with the Coal Group General Hospital, Datong.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 May;98(21):e15782. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000015782.
This study aims to investigate urban-rural differences in characteristics and risk factors of ischemic stroke in northern China.The present cross-sectional study was based on the High-risk Population Screening and Intervention Project for Stroke. The cluster sampling method was used to select urban and rural screening sites in northern China. By collecting information and screening the data, patients with ischemic stroke were obtained and a control group with similar gender, age, and regional distribution was selected among the nonischemic stroke patients. Then, the demographic and risk factors of patients with ischemic stroke were described and analyzed.The prevalence of ischemic stroke in northern China was 2.88%, with a greater prevalence in rural areas than in urban areas (3.32% vs 2.43%), and a greater prevalence in males than in females (3.06% vs 2.73%). Furthermore, rural stroke patients were younger than urban stroke patients. Hypertension, family history of stroke, and smoking were the top 3 independent risk factors for ischemic stroke. Overweight/obesity and low education were associated with increased ischemic stroke in urban areas, while low education was associated with less ischemic stroke in rural areas. In addition, the prevalence of alcoholism, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and obvious overweight/obesity was greater in urban areas, while high-salt diet and low education and income were more prevalent in rural regions. Moreover, the smoking index was higher in rural areas than in urban areas.The characteristics and risk factors of ischemic stroke differ between rural and urban areas, which could be used to design specific preventative measures.
本研究旨在调查中国北方缺血性脑卒中特征及危险因素的城乡差异。本横断面研究基于脑卒中高危人群筛查与干预项目。采用整群抽样方法在中国北方选取城乡筛查点。通过收集信息和筛选数据，获取缺血性脑卒中患者，并在非缺血性脑卒中患者中选取性别、年龄和地区分布相似的对照组。然后，对缺血性脑卒中患者的人口统计学和危险因素进行描述与分析。中国北方缺血性脑卒中患病率为2.88%，农村地区患病率高于城市地区（3.32%对2.43%），男性患病率高于女性（3.06%对2.73%）。此外，农村脑卒中患者比城市脑卒中患者年轻。高血压、脑卒中家族史和吸烟是缺血性脑卒中的前3位独立危险因素。超重/肥胖和低学历与城市地区缺血性脑卒中增加有关，而低学历与农村地区缺血性脑卒中减少有关。此外，酗酒、血脂异常、糖尿病和明显超重/肥胖的患病率在城市地区更高，而高盐饮食以及低学历和低收入在农村地区更为普遍。而且，农村地区的吸烟指数高于城市地区。缺血性脑卒中的特征和危险因素在城乡之间存在差异，这可用于制定具体的预防措施。
