Mekonen Haftea Hagos, Gebru Tsegu Hailu
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and health science Adigrat University Tigray Ethiopia.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 24;7(12):e70238. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70238. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Diabetic foot ulcers are the main complication of diabetes mellitus. There is limited information on the prevalence and factors of diabetic foot ulcers in Ethiopia, particularly to the study setting. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers and determinant factors among adult diabetic patients who attend the diabetic follow-up at Adwa General Hospital, Ethiopia, 2019.
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted. The data was collected using face to face interviews, direct observation, and a patient's records reviews. Data were cleaned, entered, and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with a diabetic foot ulcer. Finally, < 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression was used to declare statistical significance.
The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer was 13%. Being a rural residence (AOR = 7.180, 95% CI: 2.663-19.359), oral hypoglycemic medication (AOR = 2.521, 95% CI: 1.001-6.349), medication nonadherence (AOR = 4.480, 95% CI: 1.954-10.269), poor diabetic foot self-care practice (AOR = 4.350, 95% CI: 1.378-13.731), lost to follow-up (AOR = 4.838, 95% CI: 1.828-12.801), neuropathy (AOR = 4.938, 95% CI: 1.565-15.580), and alcohol drink (AOR = 4.178, 95% CI: 1.592-10.966) were the determinant factors.
The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer was high. Being a rural residence, oral hypoglycemic medication, medication nonadherence, poor diabetic foot self-care practice, lost to follow-up, neuropathy, and alcohol drinks were the determinants of diabetic foot ulcer. Health education on diabetic foot self-care practice, alcohol drink, and the other determinants are important to prevent diabetic foot ulcer.
糖尿病足溃疡是糖尿病的主要并发症。在埃塞俄比亚，关于糖尿病足溃疡的患病率及相关因素的信息有限，尤其是针对本研究的环境。本研究旨在评估2019年在埃塞俄比亚阿德瓦综合医院接受糖尿病随访的成年糖尿病患者中糖尿病足溃疡的患病率及决定因素。
开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。通过面对面访谈、直接观察和查阅患者记录来收集数据。使用SPSS 23版软件对数据进行清理、录入和分析。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归来确定与糖尿病足溃疡相关的因素。最后，多变量逻辑回归中P < 0.05被用于判定统计学显著性。
糖尿病足溃疡的患病率为13%。农村居民（调整后比值比[AOR]=7.180，95%置信区间[CI]：2.663 - 19.359）、口服降糖药（AOR = 2.521，95% CI：1.001 - 6.349）、药物治疗依从性差（AOR = 4.480，95% CI：1.954 - 10.269）、糖尿病足自我护理实践不佳（AOR = 4.350，95% CI：1.378 - 13.731）、失访（AOR = 4.838，95% CI：1.828 - 12.801）、神经病变（AOR = 4.938，95% CI：1.565 - 15.580）以及饮酒（AOR = 4.178，95% CI：1.592 - 10.966）是决定因素。
糖尿病足溃疡的患病率较高。农村居民身份、口服降糖药、药物治疗依从性差、糖尿病足自我护理实践不佳、失访、神经病变和饮酒是糖尿病足溃疡的决定因素。开展关于糖尿病足自我护理实践、饮酒及其他决定因素的健康教育对于预防糖尿病足溃疡很重要。
