Bekele Firomsa, Berhanu Daniel
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Dec 5;72:103140. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103140. eCollection 2021 Dec.
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a full-thickness wound penetrating through the dermis located below the ankle in a diabetes patient. The incidence of diabetic foot ulcers has increased due to the worldwide prevalence of diabetic mellitus (DM) and the poor knowledge and attitude of diabetic foot self-care. Therefore, the study was aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude on diabetic foot ulcers and associated factors among diabetic mellitus patients of southwestern Ethiopian hospitals.
A multicenter cross-sectional study design was used. All diabetic patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria and treated as outpatient in the study period from August 9, 2021 to September 5, 2021 G was interviewed through a semi-structured questionnaire at Bedele General Hospital and Mettu Karl Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Data was analyzed using a statistical package for social science (SPSS 23 version).
Out of 387 diabetic patients, 234(60.5) were male and 266(68.7%) were married. The mean age of the participants was 41.73(SD ± 15.637) years and the majority 87(22.5) of the patients age were greater than 55 years. A total of 11(28.7%) patients had a diabetes mellitus duration between 5 and 10 years and more than half 213(55%) of the patients had a co-morbidity. Regarding the diabetic foot care, a total of 180(46.5%) and 257(66.4%) of the patients had good knowledge and attitude, respectively. Educational level(AOR = 2.705(1.380-5.299), P = 0.004) and age[AOR = 1.254(0.768-2.048), P = 0.017] were the predictors of knowledge. Monthly income (AOR = 2.879(1.043-7.944), P = 0.041), educational level (AOR = 2.415(1.121-5.20), P = 0.024), previous information (AOR = 4.022(2.311-7.000), P < 0.001) and previous history of foot ulcers (AOR = 1.976(1.126-3.466), P = 0.018) were factors associated with the attitude of diabetic foot ulcer.
More than half of the study participants had poor knowledge while the majority of them had a good attitude. Educational level and age were significantly associated with knowledge. Monthly income, educational level, previous information, and previous history of foot ulcers were predictors of attitude towards diabetic foot care. Therefore, the health care providers should provide diabetic foot care education to reduce further complications of foot ulcers. Besides this, special attention should be given to patients who developed diabetic foot ulcers and have low socio-economic status.
糖尿病足溃疡（DFU）是糖尿病患者踝关节以下真皮层穿透性的全层伤口。由于全球糖尿病（DM）患病率上升以及糖尿病足自我护理知识和态度欠佳，糖尿病足溃疡的发病率有所增加。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西南部医院糖尿病患者对糖尿病足溃疡的知识和态度及相关因素。
采用多中心横断面研究设计。在2021年8月9日至2021年9月5日研究期间，所有符合纳入标准并在贝德勒综合医院和梅图卡尔综合专科医院接受门诊治疗的糖尿病患者均通过半结构化问卷进行访谈。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS 23版）进行数据分析。
在387名糖尿病患者中，234名（60.5%）为男性，266名（68.7%）已婚。参与者的平均年龄为41.73（标准差±15.637）岁，大多数患者87名（22.5%）年龄大于55岁。共有11名（28.7%）患者糖尿病病程在5至10年之间，超过一半的患者213名（55%）患有合并症。关于糖尿病足护理，分别有180名（46.5%）和257名（66.4%）患者具备良好的知识和态度。教育程度（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.705[1.380 - 5.299]，P = 0.004）和年龄[AOR = 1.254(0.768 - 2.048)，P = 0.017]是知识的预测因素。月收入（AOR = 2.879[1.043 - 7.944]，P = 0.041）、教育程度（AOR = 2.415[1.121 - 5.20]，P = 0.024）、既往信息（AOR = 4.022[2.311 - 7.000]，P < 0.001）和既往足部溃疡病史（AOR = 1.976[1.126 - 3.466]，P = 0.018）是与糖尿病足溃疡态度相关的因素。
超过一半的研究参与者知识欠佳，而大多数人态度良好。教育程度和年龄与知识显著相关。月收入、教育程度、既往信息和既往足部溃疡病史是糖尿病足护理态度的预测因素。因此，医疗保健提供者应提供糖尿病足护理教育以减少足部溃疡的进一步并发症。除此之外，应特别关注发生糖尿病足溃疡且社会经济地位较低的患者。
