Hu Chen, Chen Xiaowei, Wei Wei, Wallace Douglas, Liu Jihua, Zhang Yao, Zhang Lianbao, Xu Dapeng, Batt John, Xiao Xilin, Shi Qiang, Zheng Qiang, Ma Ruijie, Luo Tingwei, Jiao Nianzhi, Zhang Rui
Carbon Neutral Innovation Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 Jan 10;959:178233. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178233. Epub 2024 Dec 24.
Viruses wield significant influence over microbial communities and ecosystem function in marine environments. However, the selection of viral life strategies and their impacts on microbial communities remains enigmatic. In this study, we utilized a large-scale macrocosm, established using water samples from a marine coastal region, to enable community-level investigation. Through a prolonged incubation experiment, we aimed to clarify the ramifications of lytic and lysogenic viral activities on microbial community dynamics. We observed a continuous succession in bacterial abundance, growth rate, and community diversity, tightly linked with time series switching between viral lysis and lysogeny. Elevated lytic viral production notably fostered greater bacterial diversity, whereas increased lysogenic viral production corresponded to bacterial communities characterized by heightened abundance and growth rate but reduced diversity. Moreover, discernible shifts in bacterial community compositions, associated with different abundant bacterial taxa, were synchronized with pronounced transitions between viral lysis and lysogeny. Notably, the switch from lysogeny to lysis facilitated the proliferation of initially rare bacterial populations. Our findings suggest that the Kill-the-Winner and Piggyback-the-Winner hypotheses, both elucidating dynamic patterns in virus-host interactions, can synergistically demonstrate the pivotal role of viruses in regulating microbial communities via the lysis-lysogeny switch in marine environments.
病毒对海洋环境中的微生物群落和生态系统功能具有重大影响。然而，病毒生命策略的选择及其对微生物群落的影响仍然是个谜。在本研究中，我们利用从海洋沿海地区采集的水样建立了一个大规模的宏观生态系统，以便进行群落水平的研究。通过长时间的培养实验，我们旨在阐明裂解性和溶源性病毒活动对微生物群落动态的影响。我们观察到细菌丰度、生长速率和群落多样性持续演替，这与病毒裂解和溶源之间的时间序列转换紧密相关。裂解性病毒产量的增加显著促进了更高的细菌多样性，而溶源性病毒产量的增加则对应于以丰度和生长速率增加但多样性降低为特征的细菌群落。此外，与不同丰富细菌类群相关的细菌群落组成的明显变化与病毒裂解和溶源之间的明显转变同步。值得注意的是，从溶源到裂解的转变促进了最初稀有细菌种群的增殖。我们的研究结果表明，“杀死胜者”和“搭乘胜者”假说，都阐明了病毒-宿主相互作用中的动态模式，可以协同证明病毒在海洋环境中通过裂解-溶源转换调节微生物群落的关键作用。
