Hernández-Velázquez Mario, Díaz-Anzaldúa Adriana, Arango Iván, Rosel-Vales Mauricio, Celada-Borja César
Department of Education Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico.
Department of Genetics, Sub directorate of Clinical Research, Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Dec 11;15:1485000. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1485000. eCollection 2024.
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia can present with psychotic symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations. This study, conducted at a tertiary care center, compared the characteristics of psychotic symptoms in patients diagnosed with BPD and patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, as well as the prevalence of self-harm, suicide attempts, and hospitalizations within these groups.
In this comparative study, 50 individuals diagnosed with BPD and 50 with Schizophrenia, aged between 18 and 45 years, were assessed for intensity of psychotic symptoms with the Psychotic Symptom Assessment Scale (PSYRATS) and the Cardiff Abnormal Perceptions Scale (CAPS). Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS v25.0.
On the PSYRATS, the schizophrenia group scored higher in auditory hallucinations and in the number of voices, while in the BPD group the auditory hallucinations score was correlated with the number of suicide attempts (P=0.025). On the CAPS, the BPD group showed higher scores on positive abnormal perceptions in all dimensions compared to the schizophrenia group (P=0.002).
Our study suggests that patients with BPD experienced a more intense burden of psychotic-like experiences compared to those with Schizophrenia, with a greater frequency, interference, and distress reported. Although patients with Schizophrenia had higher scores on the PSYRATS, the BPD group's scores were also notable, and a correlation was identified between auditory hallucinations and suicide attempts in the BPD group.
边缘型人格障碍（BPD）和精神分裂症可能会出现妄想和幻觉等精神病性症状。本研究在一家三级医疗中心进行，比较了被诊断为BPD的患者和被诊断为精神分裂症的患者的精神病性症状特征，以及这些群体中自我伤害、自杀未遂和住院的发生率。
在这项比较研究中，对50名年龄在18至45岁之间、被诊断为BPD的个体和50名被诊断为精神分裂症的个体，使用精神病性症状评估量表（PSYRATS）和加迪夫异常感知量表（CAPS）评估精神病性症状的强度。数据采用IBM SPSS v25.0进行分析。
在PSYRATS量表上，精神分裂症组在幻听和幻听数量方面得分更高；而在BPD组中，幻听得分与自杀未遂次数相关（P = 0.025）。在CAPS量表上，与精神分裂症组相比，BPD组在所有维度的阳性异常感知方面得分更高（P = 0.002）。
我们的研究表明，与精神分裂症患者相比，BPD患者经历的类精神病性体验负担更重，报告的频率更高、干扰更大且痛苦更多。尽管精神分裂症患者在PSYRATS量表上得分更高，但BPD组的得分也很显著，并发现BPD组幻听与自杀未遂之间存在相关性。
